基于多谐波联合起动方法的无刷双馈电机起动性能研究  

The Starting Performance Study of a Brushless Doubly-Fed Machine Based on the Multi-Harmonics Starting Method

作　　者：阚超豪[1] 胡杨[1] 任泰安[1] 鲍习昌 储成龙 Kan Chaohao;Hu Yang;Ren Taian;Bao Xichang;Chu Chenglong(College of Electrical&Automatic Engineering Hefei University of Technology ,Hefei 230009 China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学电气与自动化工程学院

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2019年第23期4927-4938,共12页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

摘　　要：针对无刷双馈电机起动转矩小、起动电流大这一不足,提出一种新型无刷双馈电动机。该电机定子绕组磁动势可分解为多个不同极对数的同转向谐波磁场,其中基波磁场对应的转子电流流通路径与常规无刷双馈电机相同,谐波磁场中转子电流流通路径的电阻折算值增大而漏抗值保持不变,增加了电机起动时的功率因数,进而实现起动电流的降低和起动转矩的增大;而在正常运行时电机定子仅产生基波磁场以完成无刷双馈电动机的变频调速。该文对无刷双馈电机多谐波起动时定、转子绕组结构的设计原理、起动时电机等效电路以及电磁转矩计算进行了详细的分析,并以一台机座号为YZR132样机为例说明多谐波起动电机定、转子结构的设计方法。在多谐波联合起动和异步起动时分别对空载及不同负载情况下的起动电流进行了样机实验,对比分析了空载时的气隙磁场。实验结果表明采用多谐波原理设计的绕线转子无刷双馈电机具有优良的起动性能。In order to overcome the shortcoming of small starting torque and large starting current of brushless doubly-fed machine(BDFM), a novel BDFM designed based on the multi-harmonics starting method is proposed in this paper. For the modified motor, when it starting, the magnetomotive forces(MMFs) of stator windings can be decomposed into multiple components rotating in the same direction, corresponded to different pole pair numbers. The loop currents of the rotor windings that adopted "composite coil group" have different flow paths according to different harmonic fields except the path under the fundamental field, which is the same with that of conventional BDFM. When the motor is starting, the referred value of rotor resistance increased while the value of the leakage impedance remained unchanged. As a result, the combined design of the stator and rotor has efficiently improved the starting power factor, reduced the starting current and increased the starting torque. However, when the motor is running, the stator windings generate the fundamental field independently that the disruption of the higher harmonics were avoided. This paper describes the principle of the multi-harmonic combined starting method of BDFM and the detailed winding design, and the equivalent circuit of the starting condition and the electromagnetic torque calculation are illustrated. A prototype is manufactured to verify the design, the motor YZR132 is a fabricated reference. The starting currents of different operation conditions are tested when the winding adopted the multi-harmonic combined starting method and asynchronous starting method, respectively. Both the no-load and different load situations are considered. The magnetic fields in different conditions are compared and analyzed. The test results show that the wound rotor BDFM designed by multi-harmonic starting method has good starting performance.

关 键 词：无刷双馈电机 多谐波联合起动 复合线圈组 起动电流 

分 类 号：TM352[电气工程—电机]