NaCl胁迫下北美豆梨和杜梨的光合荧光参数比较  

Comparison of Photosynthetic Parameters Between Pyrus betulaefolia and Pyrus calleryana Under NaCl Stress

作　　者：赵佳伟 李清亚 路斌[1] 王萌 李艳[1] 路丙社[1,2] ZHAO Jiawei;LI Qingya;LU Bin;WANG Meng;LI Yan;LU Bingshe(College of Landscape and Travel,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000;The Lab of Forestry Germ Resouce and Protection of Hebei,Baoding,Hebei 071001)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园林与旅游学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省林木种质资源与森林保护重点实验室,河北保定071001

出　　处：《北方园艺》2019年第22期97-104,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：河北省教育厅基金资助项目(QN2019204)

摘　　要：为比较北美豆梨和杜梨的耐盐性,以北美豆梨和杜梨为试验材料,以浇清水为对照(CK),设置NaCl浓度分别为0.15%、0.30%、0.45%、0.60%共4个处理,对其叶绿素含量、光合参数及叶绿素荧光参数进行研究。结果表明:随着NaCl浓度的升高,杜梨的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总量不断下降,北美豆梨先上升后下降;杜梨和北美豆梨的叶绿素a/b均先上升后下降,且在0.30%处理时达到最大值。杜梨的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、初始荧光(F0)和最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)均随着NaCl浓度的升高不断下降,但北美豆梨下降幅度低于杜梨;北美豆梨的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和Fv/Fm则是先上升后下降。杜梨和北美豆梨的单位反应中心吸收的能量(ABS/RC)、单位反应中心捕获的用于还原QA的能量(TRo/RC)、单位反应中心热耗散的能量(DIo/RC)均随着NaCl浓度的升高不断上升,单位反应中心用于电子传递的能量(ETo/RC)先上升后下降,说明部分PSⅡ反应中心受损,剩余有活性的反应中心提高了耗能效率,将过剩的激发能尽快地以热能方式耗散,但北美豆梨的PSⅡ反应中心受损程度小于杜梨。综上所述,NaCl胁迫下,杜梨和北美豆梨在叶绿素含量、光合参数及叶绿素荧光参数多个指标的比较中,北美豆梨的降幅均小于杜梨,说明北美豆梨在盐胁迫环境下具有更强的适应性,因此,适宜于在我国杜梨分布区栽植应用。In order to compare the salt tolerance of Pyrus calleryana and Pyrus betulaefolia,the effects of different concentrations of NaCl(0,0.15%,0.30%,0.45%,0.60%)on seedling growth,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence were studied.The results indicated that with the increase of NaCl concentration,chlorophyll a content,chlorophyll b content and total chlorophyll content of Pyrus betulaefolia decreased continuously,but Pyrus calleryana first rose and then decreased.The chlorophyll a/b of Pyrus calleryana and Pyrus betulaefolia first increased and then decreased,and the maximum was reached at 0.30%processing.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,initial fluorescence(F0)and maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)of Pyrus betulaefolia decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration,but the decline of Pyrus calleryana was lower than that of Pyrus betulaefolia.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and Fv/Fm of Pyrus calleryana increased first and then decreased.The energy absorbed by the unit reaction center of Pyrus calleryana and Pyrus betulaefolia(ABS/RC),the energy recovered by unit reaction center for reducing QA(TRo/RC),and the energy dissipated by unit reaction center(DIo/RC)as the concentration of NaCl increases,the energy(ETo/RC)used for electron transfer in the unit reaction center rised first and then decreased,indicating that some PSⅡreaction centers were damaged,and the remaining active reaction centers increased energy consumption efficiency,which would be excessive.The excitation could be dissipated as soon as possible by thermal energy,but the PSⅡreaction center of Pyrus calleryana was less damaged than Pyrus betulaefolia.In conclusion,under the NaCl stress,the comparison of chlorophyll content,photosynthetic parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Pyrus calleryana and Pyrus betulaefolia,Pyrus calleryana was lower than that of Pyrus betulaefolia,indicating that Pyrus calleryana had stronge

关 键 词：NACL胁迫 光合特性 光响应 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S687.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]