孕早期不良饮食因素与抑郁的关联性  

Association between unhealthy diets and depression in early pregnancy

作　　者：湛永乐 陈云利 石英杰 沈忠周 马帅 冯雅慧 吴散散 王雅文 蔡姝雅 马良坤[2] 江宇[1] ZHAN Yong-le;CHEN Yun-li;SHI Ying-jie;SHEN Zhong-zhou;MA Shuai;FENG Ya-hui;WU San-san;WANG Ya-wen;CAI Shu-ya;MA Liang-kun;JIANG Yu(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100005,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,北京100730 [2]中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院北京协和医院妇产科,北京100005

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2019年第11期1342-1347,共6页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2016-I2M-1-008)~~

摘　　要：目的探究孕早期妇女不良饮食因素与抑郁的关系。方法对7976名参与中国孕产妇队列研究协和项目并在2017年7月25日-2018年7月24日纳入的孕早期妇女进行研究;采用χ~2检验描述两组的基线分布差异;在孕早期分别采用定性食物频率测量法和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表测量妇女的饮食摄入频率和抑郁状况;采用Log-binomial回归分析饮食与抑郁的关联性,计算现患比(prevalence ratio,PR)及其95%可信区间(95%confidence interval,95%CI)。结果Log-binomial回归结果显示,孕早期饮食规律(PR=0.45,95%CI:0.38~0.54,P<0.001)、经常吃早餐(PR=0.80,95%CI:0.72~0.90,P<0.001)的孕妇有较低的抑郁发生风险;而妊娠早期经常食用油炸食品(PR=1.25,95%CI:1.03~1.53,P=0.027)、西式快餐(PR=1.36,95%CI:1.06~1.74,P=0.015)、膨化食品(PR=1.37,95%CI:1.11~1.70,P=0.003),经常饮用含糖饮料(PR=1.37,95%CI:1.17~1.61,P<0.001)和葡萄酒(PR=1.60,95%CI:1.26~2.01,P<0.001)、饮用白酒(PR=1.26,95%CI:1.00~1.59,P=0.047)的孕妇则有较高的抑郁发生风险。结论孕早期不良饮食因素与抑郁存在关联性,孕妇应主动了解健康饮食方式,减少不健康饮食的摄入频率,以减少妊娠期间抑郁的发生。Objective To explore the association between unhealthy diets and depression in early pregnancy.Methods 7976 women in early pregnancy were recruited and analyzed in this study from the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study(CPWCS)from July 25 th,2017 to July 24 th,2018.Differences of baseline characteristics between the two groups were conducted by a chi-square test.The qualitative food frequency questionnaire and the edinburgh postnatal depression scale were used to assess depression status and food intake frequency during the first trimester respectively.Log-binomial regression was used to analyze the relationship between unhealthy diets and depression in early pregnancy.Prevalence ratio(PR)and its 95%confidence interval(95%CI)were calculated.Results Eating regularly(PR=0.45,95%CI:0.38-0.54,P<0.001)and eating breakfast frequently(PR=0.80,95%CI:0.72-0.90,P<0.001)were related to the low incidence of depression while frequent consumption of fried food(PR=1.25,95%CI:1.03-1.53,P=0.027),Western-style fast food(PR=1.36,95%CI:1.06-1.74,P=0.015)and puffed food(PR=1.37,95%CI:1.11-1.70,P=0.003)as well as drinking sugar-sweetened beverage(PR=1.37,95%CI:1.17-1.61,P<0.001),wine(PR=1.60,95%CI:1.26-2.01,P<0.001)and liqueur(PR=1.26,95%CI:1.00-1.59,P=0.047)were linked with the high incidence of depression.Conclusions There might be an association between unhealthy diets and depression in early pregnancy.Pregnant women should take the initiative to better understand what are healthy diets and reduce the frequency of unhealthy diets consumption to decrease the incidence of depression during pregnancy.

关 键 词：孕早期 饮食 抑郁 

分 类 号：R714.7[医药卫生—妇产科学] R153.1[医药卫生—临床医学]