2012-2019年新乡市B型流感病毒基因的变异及流行趋势  

Genetic variations and epidemiological characteristics of influenza B virus in Xinxiang from 2012 to 2019

作　　者：马建敏[1] 程栋[1] 李华峰[1] 史晓娟[1] 栾旭波[1] 刘丹[1] 王梅 MA Jian-min;CHENG Dong;LI Hua-feng;SHI Xiao-juan;LUAN Xu-bo;LIU Dan;WANG Mei(Section for Hygienic Monitoring and Testing,Xinxiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xinxiang 453002,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡市疾病预防控制中心卫生检测检验中心

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2019年第11期1375-1379,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：2017年度河南省科技攻关计划项目(172102310093)~~

摘　　要：目的研究新乡市B型流感病毒的流行状况和基因变异特征,为当地流感疫苗接种提供政策依据。方法对新乡市2012年1月-2019年2月流感监测结果进行分析,随机抽取分离的23株B型流感病毒,进行血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)和神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase,NA)基因测序,使用DNAman软件进行序列比对,Neighbor-Joining法进行进化树分析。结果新乡市B型流感病毒Yamagata系(influenza B virus,Yamagata strain,BY)和Victoria系(influenza B virus,Victoria strain,BV)隔年交替流行,主要感染0~15岁人群(91.4%);2015-2016年和2017-2018年的优势株与当年的三价疫苗成分不符。HA基因进化树显示,87.5%(7/8)的BV株与疫苗株同处一个分支;而88.98%(8/9)的2013-2015年BY株与同期疫苗株不在一个分支,其抗原表位的突变位点有N116K、S150L、N165Y、D196N和N202S。NA基因未发现耐药位点突变。有6个分离株发生了系间重配。结论WHO推荐的三价疫苗株很多情况下与新乡B型流行株不符,推荐使用四价疫苗,并加强对15岁以下人群的接种;新乡BY流行株与疫苗株的HA基因差异较大,期待研发出适合我国本土的疫苗株。Objective To investigate the genetic variation and epidemiological characteristics of influenza B virus in Xinxiang to provide policy basis for local influenza vaccination.Methods The influenza surveillance data in Xinxiang from January 2012 to February 2019 was analyzed.23 isolated influenza B virus were randomly selected for hemagglutinin(HA)and neuraminidase(NA)gene sequencing.Sequence alignment was conducted by using DNAman software and phylogenetic tree analysis was conducted using Neighbor-Joining method.Results Yamagata(BY)and Victoria(BV)strains of influenza B virus circulated alternately every other year in Xinxiang,mainly among people aged 0-15 years(91.4%).The dominant influenza B lineages from 2015 to 2016 and from 2017 to 2018 did not match the corresponding trivalent vaccine strain of the year.The HA phylogenetic tree revealed that 87.5%(7/8)of BV strains coexisted with the vaccine strain in one branch,while 88.98%(8/9)of BY strains from 2013 to 2015 were not in the same branch as the corresponding vaccine strain,with 5 epitope site mutions N116 K,S150 L,N165 Y,D196 N and N202 S.No drug-resistant site mutation was identified in the NA gene.A total of 6 intra-lineage reassortants were identified.Conclusions The influenza B lineage in the trivalent vaccine recommended by WHO did not match the dominant circulating B lineage of Xinxiang in some epidemic year.Therefore,quadrivalent vaccines are recommended to use in susceptible population,especially under the age of 15.In addition,there are large variations in HA gene of the epidemic BY strain compared with the corresponding vaccine.Then,a vaccine more sutable for the epidemic strains in China is expected to be developed.

关 键 词：B型流感病毒 流行特征 基因特征 重配株 

分 类 号：R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学] R331[医药卫生—基础医学]