典型喀斯特城市的热岛时空变化及其成因分析  

Study on the temporal and spatial variations of urban heat island of typical karst cities

作　　者：陈炫炽 陈蓉[1] 廖瑶 吴愈锋 王跃跃 CHEN Xuanchi;CHEN Rong;LIAO Yao;WU Yufeng;WANG Yueyue(College of Mining,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Ecological Meteorology and Satellite Remote Sensing Center,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学矿业学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省生态气象和卫星遥感中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《测绘通报》2019年第11期93-97,共5页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41463009);贵州省教育厅重大创新群体项目(黔教合KY字[2016]024);贵州省生态学一流学科建设项目(GNYL[2017]007)

摘　　要：利用1989、2003、2018年的Landsat影像对安顺市西秀区的地表温度进行反演,分析研究区在30年发展中的热岛时空变化及其成因。使用基于影像的反演算法,结合分类回归树算法进行地表温度的反演,用气象站数据对反演结果进行精度验证,并建立缓冲区对研究区进行相关性分析等定量分析。结果表明:研究区受喀斯特地貌的影响,除主城区外,郊区也存在大量高温区;近30年研究区热效应与不透水面、绿地的面积有极显著相关;1989-2003年研究区城市热岛面积随城市扩张逐渐增大,但2018年主城区城市热岛现象几乎完全消失,排除气象因素和城市形态因子影响的可能后,发现这与安顺市城市绿化的大力进行有密切关系。The landsat images of 1989,2003 and 2018 are used to invert the surface temperature of Xixiu District of Anshun City.Then,the study area’s spatio-temporal variations and their causes of heat island development in the past 30 years are analyzed. In addition,the image-based inversion algorithm and the classification regression tree algorithm are combined to invert the surface temperature. After that,the accuracy of the inversion results are made through the weather station data. And a buffer is established for quantitative analysis such as correlation analysis in the study area. From the above researches,the results show that: First,the study area is affected by karst landforms,besides the main urban area,there are also a large number of high temperature areas in the suburbs. Second,in the past 30 years,the thermal effect of the study area has a significant correlation with the impervious surface and the area of green space. Finally,from 1989 to 2003,the urban heat island area of the study area gradually increased with urban expansion,but in 2018,the urban heat island phenomenon in the main urban area almost disappeared. After excluding the influence of meteorological factors and urban morphological factors,it is found that this is closely related to the vigorous urban greening in Anshun.

关 键 词：城市热岛 土地覆盖 不透水面 喀斯特 城市绿化 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]