河北怀来官厅水库国家湿地公园的水鸟多样性  

Diversity of Water Birds in Huailai Guanting Reservoir National Wetland Park, Hebei

作　　者：柴硕 曹子祯 孙浩 吴渊[1,2] 刘亚东 王圣杰[4] 吕姝皇 洪剑明 CHAI Shuo;CAO Zizhen;SUN Hao;WU Yuan;LIU Yadong;WANG Shengjie;LYU Shuhuang;HONG Jianming(College of Life Science,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,P.R.China;Beijing Center of Wetland Studies,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,P.R.China;College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,P.R.China;Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Huailai County,Zhangjiakou 075400,Hebei,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学生命科学学院,北京100048 [2]北京湿地研究中心,北京100048 [3]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [4]怀来县林业和草原局,河北张家口075400

出　　处：《湿地科学》2019年第5期544-552,共9页Wetland Science

摘　　要：2018年3月~2019年2月,采用直接计数法,对河北省怀来官厅水库国家湿地公园进行了水鸟调查,共记录了67种水鸟,隶属于6目13科。水鸟从属区系为:古北界47种(占该湿地公园水鸟总物种数的70.15%),东洋界4种(占4.48%),广布种18种(占25.37%)。在67种水鸟中,有国家一级重点保护鸟类4种,国家二级重点保护鸟类6种,河北省重点保护鸟类26种,列入中日候鸟协定名录和中澳候鸟协定名录中的鸟类分别有46种和17种。各月水鸟群落的Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数差异较大,其最大值出现在5月,此时是水鸟迁徙的高峰期;其最小值出现在1月。调查中,在官厅水库发现了超过2 000只的灰鹤(Grus grus)越冬群体,表明官厅水库国家湿地公园是中国灰鹤的重要越冬栖息地。From March 2018 to February 2019, we conducted a one-year survey of water birds in the Guanting Reservoir of Huailai county, Zhangjiakou, using the direct counting method. A total of 69 species of waterfowl were recorded, belonging to 7 orders and 14 families. The 69 species of waterfowl subordinates are as follows: 47 species(68.12%) in the Palaearctic, 4 species(5.80%) in the Eastern Ocean, and 18 species(26.09%)in the extensive species. Four species of birds are protected at the national level, and 6 species are protected by the state. Twenty-six species of key birds are protected birds in Hebei province. Moreover, 46 species and17 species of birds are considered in the China-Japan Migratory Birds Agreement Directory and the ChinaAustralia Migratory Birds Agreement. The monthly dynamic changes of the Shannon-Wiener species diversity index are quite different. The species diversity was the highest in May, which marks the peak of waterfowl migration;the species diversity index was the lowest in January, when only the gray crane population wintered in the reservoir area. More than 2 000 wintering gray cranes were found in the Guanting Reservoir, indicating that the reservoir is an important wintering habitat for Chinese gray cranes.

关 键 词：水鸟 多样性 灰鹤 官厅水库 张家口 

分 类 号：Q959.7[生物学—动物学]