植物耐碱性研究进展及其在大豆中的应用展望  

Research Progress of Plant Alkali Tolerance and Its Application Prospect in Soybean

作　　者：任鹏飞 尚丽霞[1] 蔡勤安[1] 于志晶[1] 马瑞[1] REN Peng-fei;SHANG Li-xia;CAI Qin-an;YU Zhi-jing;MA Rui(Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute/Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,China;College of Agronomy,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院生物技术研究所/吉林省农业生物技术重点实验室,吉林长春130033 [2]吉林农业大学农学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《大豆科学》2019年第6期977-985,共9页Soybean Science

基　　金：转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2016ZX08004002)

摘　　要：土壤盐碱化是农业生产的主要制约因素之一,盐碱土的改良利用是世界性的难题,碱胁迫对植物体造成的伤害高于盐胁迫。大豆作为重要的经济和油料作物,碱胁迫会对大豆整个生育期造成负面影响,限制大豆植株的生长和结荚,并最终影响大豆的产量。本文从碱胁迫对植物的危害,植物耐碱机制、植物耐碱分子遗传机理的研究及其在大豆中的应用前景几个方面综述并展望植物耐碱研究,以期为研究植物对碱胁迫的应答调控机制、挖掘植物耐碱基因、改良盐碱地土壤品质、选育耐碱大豆品种和提高大豆产量提供理论支撑。Soil salinization is one of the main constraints in agricultural production. The improvement and utilization of saline-alkali soil is a worldwide problem. Alkaline soil with high pH value and high exchangeable Na^+ content(ESP), compared with saline soil, is difficult to improve. Soybean is an important cash and oil crop. Alkali stress has a negative impact on the whole growth period of soybean by affecting the growth, podding and ultimately decreases the yield. This paper reviewed the hazards of alkali stress on plants, the mechanism of plant alkali resistance, the genetic mechanism of plant alkali resistance and its application prospects in soybean. It will provide theoretical support for studying regulation mechanism of plant response to alkali stress, excavating plant alkali-tolerant genes, improving soil quality in saline-alkali soils, selecting alkali-tolerant soybean varieties, and increasing soybean yield.

关 键 词：植物 碱胁迫 大豆 耐盐基因 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]