基于临期回收和响应供给策略的易逝性应急物资库存决策研究  

Inventory Decisions for Perishable Emergency Materials under Strategies of Return and Urgent Supply

作　　者：郭影 孟庆春[1,3,4] 戎晓霞[2,3,4] GUO Ying;MENG Qing-chun;RONG Xiao-xia(School of Management,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;School of Mathematics,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;Research Center for Value Co-creation Network,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;Social Supernetwork Computation and Decision Simulation Laboratory,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学管理学院,山东济南250100 [2]山东大学数学学院,山东济南250100 [3]山东大学价值共创网络研究中心,山东济南250100 [4]山东大学社会超网络计算与决策模拟实验室,山东济南250100

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2019年第11期127-137,共11页Chinese Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71572096)

摘　　要：基于降低由于需求时间和需求数量的不确定性会引致较高的过期损失和缺货损失,将临期回收策略和响应供给策略引入易逝性应急物资库存系统,同时考虑应急系统中需求时间不确定性的这一突出特性,建立临期回收策略和应急供给策略的随机规划模型,决策临期回收策略和响应供给策略下的最佳存储水平,并分析各策略带来的风险降低和价值增加。回收策略和应急供给策略并不都是有利的,存在着降低风险和增加价值的有利条件域;库存决策需要权衡风险的降低与价值的增加,给定一个判断标准;需求时间和需求数量的不同随机分布对策略的价值增加作用有不同的影响,且分布的不确定性程度对价值增加的影响不具有一致性和单调性。Due to difficulties in accurately predicting not only the timing but also and magnitude of disasters,which leads to the serious expiration and shortage problems that exist in perishable emergency materials,the strategies of return near shelf life and urgent supply are introduced into the perishable inventory system to reduce the expiration and shortage losses.Referring the classical newsboy inventory problem,two stochastic models for return and urgent supply strategies with uncertainties in demand time and demand quantity are constructed and verified in this paper.In our models,the opportunity losses are considered,and the performances of both strategies in reduced risks and added values are analyzed.In order to describe the opportunity losses accurately,the unit cost is adopted per unit time.With further efforts to measure the performances consisting of reduced risk and added values,the likelihoods of expiration and shortage as risks and differences of opportunity losses as strategies’ values are calculated.The analytical outcomes indicate that the strategies of return near shelf life and urgent supply are not always favorable,the implementations of these two strategies should satisfy certain conditions.Thus,the sufficient advantage conditions for both strategiesare given in this paper,in addition,a standard furtherly to balance the reduced risks and added values is also set in our study helping decision-makerselect better inventory policies.For an intuitive perspective,the parameters in our perishable emergency inventory system are estimated by collecting real disaster data online and relevant literatures,and some numerical examples are computed to presented sensitivities of some key parameters and impacts of different distributed functions.From the numerical results,it is concluded that the predefined return time is more robust in return model than return-supply model and the added values does not always increase with the increase of return time;distributed functions of demand time and demand quantity have o

关 键 词：易逝性应急物资 临期回收 响应供给 随机需求时间 价值增加 

分 类 号：O227[理学—运筹学与控制论]