社区脊髓损伤患者照顾者的照顾负担及影响因素分析  

Analysis on Burden of Care and Influencing Factors of Caregivers for Patients with Spinal Cord Injury in Community

作　　者：苌凤水[1,2] 解海霞 杨玉慧 张佳 王惠芳 吴爱荣 沈沉 林佩佩 陈刚[1,2] 吕军[1,2] CHANG Fengshui;XIE Haixia;YANG Yuhui;ZHANG Jia;WANG Huifang;WU Airong;SHEN Chen;LIN Peipei;CHEN Gang;LV Jun(China Disability Research Center,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032;School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032;Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital/Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center,Shanghai 201619,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中国残疾问题研究中心,上海200032 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032 [3]上海市养志康复医院/上海市阳光康复中心,上海201619

出　　处：《上海护理》2019年第12期20-24,共5页Shanghai Nursing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71673052);国家留学基金管理委员会项目(201506105030);上海市浦江人才计划项目(17PJC003);上海市残联系统重点学科建设项目(2015-139号);国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA078);国家“十二五”科技支撑子项目(2014BAI08B01);复旦大学上海医学院高水平地方高校试点建设项目—一流公共卫生与预防医学学科建设资助项目

摘　　要：目的描述上海市社区脊髓损伤患者照顾者照顾负担现状,并分析其影响因素。方法于2017年3月—2018年10月,选择在上海市养志康复医院参加康复训练的脊髓损伤患者照顾者101名。采用自行设计的一般资料调查表、照顾者照顾影响和后果调查表对其进行调查,对调查结果进行描述性分析和logistic回归分析。结果101名照顾者中,38.61%年龄是60岁以上、13.86%有工作、78.22%每天照顾超过12 h、36.63%已经照顾超过10年;74.26%的照顾者健康状况变差、71.29%变得非常节俭、67.33%不得不装修房子或重新安排家具、65.28%没有安全感。多因素分析发现,女性照顾者比男性受照顾脊髓损伤患者的影响更大(OR=6.78,P=0.011)、健康状况变差更加普遍(OR=6.86,P=0.003),退休的照顾者健康状况变差更多(OR=4.98,P=0.042)。结论上海社区脊髓损伤患者的照顾者照顾负担较大,建议重点加大对女性社区脊髓损伤患者照顾者的社会支持,关注退休照顾者的身体健康。Objective To describe the status quo on burden of care of caregivers for patients with spinal cord injury in Shanghai community and analyze the relevant influencing factors.Methods 101 caregivers for patients with spinal cord injury who received rehabilitation training in Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital from March 2017 to October 2018 were selected.A self-designed general information questionnaire,a questionnaire on caring impact and consequence were used to investigate the caregivers,and the survey results were subject to descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis.Results Of the 101 caregivers,38.61%were over 60 years old,13.86% had jobs,78.22% cared for more than 12 hours a day,36.63% had cared for more than 10 years;74.26% of caregivers had deterioration of health condition,71.29% had become very frugal,67.33% had to redecorate houses or rearrange furniture,65.28% felt insecure.Multivariate analysis showed that female caregivers were more affected by caring for patients with spinal cord injury than male caregivers(OR=6.78,P=0.011),deterioration of health condition was more common(OR=6.86,P=0.003)among them,and this was even worse for retired caregivers(OR=4.98,P=0.042).Conclusion Caregivers for patients with spinal cord injury in Shanghai community have a large burden of care,therefore,it is suggested to increase the social support for the female caregivers for patients with spinal cord injury in Shanghai community and pay more attention to the health of the retired caregivers.

关 键 词：脊髓损伤 照顾者 社区 照顾负担 影响因素 调查研究 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]