荧光性多孔芳香骨架材料的简便制备及在硝基爆炸物检测中的应用  

Facile Strategy to Prepare Fluorescent Porous Aromatic Frameworks for Sensitive Detection of Nitroaromatic Explosives

作　　者：夏立新[1] 张红翠 冯彬 杨东奇 布乃顺[2] 赵云波 闫卓君 李樟楠 元野 赵晓君 XIA Lixin;ZHANG Hongcui;FENG Bin;YANG Dongqi;BU Naishun;ZHAO Yunbo;YAN Zhuojun;LI Zhangnan;YUAN Ye;ZHAO Xiaojun(College of Chemistry,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036,China;School of Environmental Science,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036,China;Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;School of Sciences,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学化学院,沈阳 110036 [2]辽宁大学环境学院,沈阳 110036 [3]东北师范大学多酸科学教育部重点实验室,长春 130024 [4]海南大学理学院,海口 570228

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2019年第12期2456-2464,共9页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:21704037,21671089,31972522);沈阳市自然科学基金(批准号:F16-103-4-00);辽宁省科研基金(批准号:LT2017010,20170540409);辽宁省博士启动基金(20170520069);吉林省科技发展计划项目(批准号:20180520158H);东北师范大学多酸科学教育部重点实验室开放基金资助

摘　　要：报道了一种简便的制备高荧光性多孔有机聚合物材料的方法,即以1,3,6,8-四溴芘(TBr Py)与硼酸类单体为构筑基元,通过Suzuki偶联反应制备多孔芳香骨架材料LNUs.利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析、氮气吸附、固体紫外光谱和荧光光谱等分析方法对其结构与性能进行了系统表征.分析结果表明,该类多孔芳香骨架材料具有良好的热化学稳定性和较大的比表面积,所得材料优异的荧光性能使其非常适合用于硝基爆炸物的选择性检测.多孔芳香骨架材料LNUs在苯、溴苯、苯胺、甲苯、氯苯和苯酚等分子存在下,荧光强度基本不变,而在加入硝基苯、对硝基苯酚和对硝基氯苯后,荧光几乎完全猝灭,说明该类材料对硝基苯、对硝基苯酚和对硝基氯苯显示出专一的检测性能.根据这一特性,利用LNUs材料制备了一种新型便携式纸传感器,其可以简便快速实时检测硝基爆炸物,并在痕量检测方面展现出良好的应用前景.Three fluorescent porous aromatic framework materials donated as LNU-9,LNU-10,and LNU-11 were prepared via Suzuki coupling reactions of 1,3,6,8-tetrabromofluorene( TBrPy) with boric acid monomers. The structures and properties of the LNUs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FTIR),thermogravimetric analysis( TGA),nitrogen adsorption-desorption,solid ultraviolet spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The disappearance of vibration peaks at 1349,1144,495 cm^-1 in FTIR spectrum is attributed to the breakage of C-Br and C-B( OH)2 bonds,respectively,indicating the complete polymerization of building monomers into porous skeletons. Powder X-ray diffraction( PXRD) and transmission electron microscopy( TEM) images reveal all the LNUs have amorphous structure. The thermogravimetric analysis results demonstrate the excellent thermal stability of LNUs. In addition,these materials exhibit high chemical stability,as verified by no dissolution or decomposition in various organic solvents such as methanol,ethanol,tetrahydrofuran,acetone,dichloromethane,chloroform,N,N’-dimethylformamide,dimethylsulfoxide,etc. Besides,their large specific surface areas in the range of 800-1500 m^2/g and excellent fluorescence properties make them suitable for the detection of specific nitro explosives. After benzene,bromobenzene,aniline,toluene,chlorobenzene and phenol were added into the methanol solution of LNUs respectively,the luminescence intensity had little change,demonstrating there is no specific interaction between porous skeleton and organic substances. On the contrast,fluorescence of LNUs was almost completely quenched in the respective solution of nitrobenzene,p-nitrophenol,and p-nitrochlorobenzene,indicating the selective detection capability for nitro compounds of the LNUs. Based on these results,we prepared a novel portable paper sensor which realized the facile and rapid real-time detection of nitro explosives,demonstrating an impressive prospect in trace detection.

关 键 词：荧光性能 多孔芳香骨架 硝基爆炸物 荧光猝灭 传感器 

分 类 号：O613[理学—无机化学]