生态移民政策能否化解家庭多维贫困?——以青海藏区为例  

Can the Ecological Migration Policy Solve the Family Multidimensional Poverty? ——Take Qinghai Tibetan Area as an Example

作　　者：崔冀娜[1,2] 张晓慧[1] CUI Ji-na;ZHANG Xiao-hui(College of Economics&Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;College of Finance&Economics,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]青海大学财经学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《预测》2019年第6期90-96,共7页Forecasting

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年资助项目(16CMZ038);国家社会科学基金资助项目(15BGL009);国家自然科学基金资助项目(7156039);青海省社科规划第一批省级智库重点研究资助项目(ZK17015);青海省情研究中心省级重点智库建设资助项目(17SQZDZK07)

摘　　要：生态移民政策已成为西部少数民族生态脆弱区保护生态与缓解贫困的最关键渠道之一。本文基于青海藏区517份家庭微观调查数据,运用多维贫困测量方法与倾向得分匹配(PSM)方法研究了生态移民政策对家庭多维贫困的影响。结果表明:(1)青海藏区家庭单维贫困中,最严重的问题是做饭燃料和受教育年限,且家庭贫困状况存在复杂性,单一因素并不能很好地表征贫困特性。(2)青海藏区家庭多维贫困中,最高的贫困指数在生态移民组与非生态移民组之间存在差异,且非移民组发生多维贫困的状况高于移民组。(3)参与生态移民政策的家庭受到性别、年龄、家庭规模、家庭负担比、家庭人均收入、家庭是否有村干部、家庭牛羊总量、草场质量、是否在生态脆弱区等因素的显著影响,且生态移民政策的实施具有缓解家庭多维贫困的效果。Ecological migration policy has become one of the most important channels to protect ecology and alleviate poverty in the ecologically fragile areas of western minorities.Based on the data of 517 household micro-surveys in Tibetan areas of Qinghai,this paper studies the influence of ecological migration policy on household multidimensional poverty by using the multidimensional poverty measurement method and propensity score matching(PSM)method.The results show that:(1)in the single-dimension poverty of Tibetan families in Qinghai,the most serious problems are cooking fuel and years of education.Moreover,the family poverty situation is complicated,and a single factor cannot well characterize the poverty characteristics.(2)in the multidimensional poverty of households in Tibetan areas of Qinghai,the highest poverty index is different between the ecological immigrant group and the non-ecological immigrant group,and the multidimensional poverty of the non-immigrant group is higher than that of the immigrant group.(3)the family participating in the ecological migration is affected by gender,age,family size,family burden ratio,family per capital income and family if there is a village cadre,the total number of cattle and sheep,pasture quality,whether in ecological fragile areas,and so forth.The implementation of the ecological migration is to ease poverty in the family multidimensional effect.

关 键 词：多维贫困 生态移民政策 青海藏区 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]