广州市海珠区配置校医学校健康教育效果研究  

Study on the Effect of Health Education in the School Configured with School Doctors in Haizhu District of Guangzhou

作　　者：刘仲明[1] 朱浩智 郭钜旋[1] 梁志彬[1] 李晗文[1] LIU Zhong-ming;ZHU Hao-zhi;GUO Ju-xuan(Haizhu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou,510288,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市海珠区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2019年第11期92-94,108,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：2017年度海珠区科技计划项目（海科工商信计2018-66）;2017年度海珠区科技计划项目（海科工商信计2018-34）

摘　　要：目的评价海珠区配置校医学校健康教育效果,研究校医干预对学生健康素养水平的影响。方法采用回顾性队列研究,整群抽取海珠区10所小学391名三年级学生,回溯二年级时学校校医配置情况,分成校医干预组和对照组,并通过问卷调查考察两组学生基础健康素养水平,校医干预满一年后再比较两组健康素养水平差异。结果干预前两组基础健康素养水平无明显差异(P>0.05)。干预后干预组健康素养水平81.96%高于对照组79.44%(P<0.01)。其中,干预组健康知识知晓率80.77%高于对照组77.49%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组健康行为形成率无明显差异。问卷涵盖的五个方面,干预组在膳食与营养、传染病防控及安全与急救的回答正确率均比对照组高(P<0.05),在个人卫生习惯和生理功能保健上的回答正确率无明显差异(P>0.05)。391名学生的健康素养水平为79.73%,膳食与营养和传染病防控部分回答正确率居前二,均达90.00%水平,安全与急救部分回答正确率最低,仅为70.33%。结论校医对学生的健康教育工作成效显著,明显提高其健康素养水平和健康知识知晓率。在膳食与营养、传染病防控及安全与急救这三方面的提高最突出。学生在安全与急救部分知晓情况较差,校医加强对薄弱环节的宣教,提高健康教育水平很有必要。OBJECTIVE To compare the differences in the effectiveness of health education between the schools configured with school doc tors,and study the impact of school doctors on the health literacy level of students,so as to provide a scientific basis for the promotion of school-based medical services.METHODS Using the retrospective cohort study method,the health education effect evaluation data of 391 third-grade students from 10 primary schools in Haizhu District of Guangzhou were selected to compare the differences in health liter acy levels between the school doctor intervention group and the control group.RESULTS 391 students were effectively investigated,196 in the medical intervention group and 195 in the control group.There was no significant difference in the basic health literacy levels be tween these two groups before intervention(P>0.05).After intervention,the health literacy levels of the intervention group and the con trol group were 81.96%and 79.44%,respectively(P<0.01).The rate of intervention group was higher than that of the control group.Among them,the health knowledge awareness rate of intervention group(80.77%)was higher than the control group(77.49%).The health behavior formation rate was 83.16%and 81.38%,without significant difference(P>0.05).Among these 5 major contents covered by the questionnaire,the correcanswer rate of the three major contents of diet and nutrition,infectious disease prevention and control,safety and first aid was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the correct rate of answer be tween personal hygiene habit and physiological function health care(P>0.05).The health literacy level of 391 groups of students was 79.73%,and the correct rate of answer in the diet and nutrition,infectious disease prevention and control,personal hygiene habits,physiological function health care and safety and first aid were 93.09%,89.51%,76.57%,73.50%and 70.33%.CONCLUSION The school doctors had achieved remarkable results in the health education of st

关 键 词：校医配置服务 健康教育 干预措施 健康素养水平 

分 类 号：R1-9[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]