油浸式变压器火灾事故的特点与灭火对策研究  

Fire Accident Characteristics and Fire Extinguishing Countermeasures of Oil-immersed Transformer

作　　者：汪亚龙 黎昌海[1] 张佳庆 尚峰举 陆守香[1] 范明豪 王刘芳 WANG Yalong;LI Changhai;ZHANG Jiaqing;SHANG Fengju;LU Shouxiang;FAN Minghao;WANG Liufang(State Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230027,China;State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230027 [2]国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2019年第6期166-171,共6页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技重大专项项目(52120518002L);国网安徽省电力有限公司科技项目(52120518001S)

摘　　要：大型油浸式变压器作为核心电力设备已广泛应用于电厂和变电站,但近年来国内外油浸变压器火灾事故频发,造成了严重的后果。基于近年来国内外发生的油浸式变压器火灾事故案例,从火灾模式和燃烧形式方面划分了油浸式变压器火灾事故的类型,总结出油浸式变压器火灾具有爆炸性、快速性、破坏性、多变性和火灾形式多样性等特点,归纳了油浸式变压器火灾事故的发生机理,指出可燃的变压器绝缘油是油浸式变压器火灾的重要事故因素,并提出了防止和控制油浸式变压器火灾事故的灭火对策与防火技术措施。Large oil-immersed transformers are widely used in power plants and substations as core power equipment.However,in recent years,oil-immersed transformers at home and abroad have frequent fire accidents,causing serious consequences.This paper summarizes the oil-immersed transformer fire accidents in recent years at home and abroad,and classifies the fire accidents of oil-immersed transformer according to fire mode and combustion mode,and then summarizes the characteristics of oil-immersed transformer fire which are explosive,fast,changeable and various fire forms.The paper summarizes the mechanism of oil-immersed transformer fire accidents,and finds that flammable transformer insulation oil is an important accident factor of oil-immersed transformer fire.At the end,the paper proposes countermeasures and fire prevention technical measures to prevent and control oil-immersed transformer fire accidents.

关 键 词：油浸式变压器 火灾事故 绝缘油 灭火对策 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]