荒漠区绿洲滴灌核桃耗水规律与产量研究  

Study on water consumption and yield of adult walnut under drip irrigation in desert oasis

作　　者：刘新华 虎胆·吐马尔白[2] 焦萍 米力夏提·米那多拉 LIU Xinhua;HUDAN tumarday;JIAO Ping;MILIXIATI Minadola(Aksu River Basin Authority,Aksu 843000,China;College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木河流域阿克苏管理局,新疆阿克苏843000 [2]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《水利科学与寒区工程》2019年第6期31-36,共6页Hydro Science And Cold Zone Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51469033);河海大学国家重点实验室基金(2016490511);塔里木河流域阿克苏管理局资助项目(TGJAKS-SKS-2019-001)

摘　　要：在滴灌模式下,为探究成龄核桃在不同灌水处理下核桃耗水规律、产量和水分利用效率,在阿克苏地区进行大田实验。研究表明:处理C1-375 m^3/hm^2入渗深度在60 cm范围内,不能满足核桃需水;处理C2-450 m^3/hm^2入渗深度达到80~100 cm范围,可满足核桃需水;处理C3-525 m^3/hm^2土壤水分向深层运移,造成灌溉水浪费。耗水规律从大到小依次为:油脂转化期、硬核期、果实膨大期、开花结果期。当灌溉定额超过375 m^3/hm^2,灌水量和产量呈线性增长关系;当灌溉定额大于450 m^3/hm^2,产量增长速率趋于平缓。In order to study the water consumption,yield and water use efficiency of adult walnut under different irrigation treatments,field experiments were conducted in Aksu area under drip irrigation.The results showed that the infiltration depth of C1-375 m^3/hm^2 treatment was within 60 cm,which could not meet walnut water requirement;the infiltration depth of C2-450 m^3/hm^2 treatment reached 80~100 cm,which could meet walnut water requirement;and the infiltration depth of C3-525 m^3/hm^2 treatment moved to deep layer,resulting in waste of irrigation water.The order of water consumption from big to small is:oil conversion stage,hard nucleus stage,fruit expansion stage,flowering and fruit setting stage.When the irrigation quota exceeds 375 m^3/hm^2,the relationship between irrigation quantity and yield increases linearly;when the irrigation quota exceeds 450 m^3/hm^2,the growth rate of yield tends to be flat.

关 键 词：核桃 滴灌 耗水规律 产量 荒漠区 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]