低温燃料电池阴极氧还原反应催化剂研究进展  

Research Progress of Cathodic Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts for Low Temperature Fuel Cells

作　　者：赵经纬 蔡园满 易秘 梅泽峰 Zhao Jing-wei;Cai Yuan-man;Yi Mi;Mei Ze-feng(Jiujiang Tianci High-tech Materials Co.,Ltd.Jiangxi Jiujiang 332000)

机构地区：[1]九江天赐高新材料股份有限公司

出　　处：《江西化工》2019年第6期348-353,共6页Jiangxi Chemical Industry

摘　　要：低温燃料电池因其能量转化高效、环境友好等优点在许多方面有广泛的应用,但是其阴极氧还原反应在常温下动力学缓慢的缺点成为限制其在实际中大规模应用的最大障碍。因此,低温燃料电池阴极氧还原反应催化剂的研究是近年来的热点之一。本文综述了贵金属及其合金、碳基材料和过渡金属大环化合物这三类氧还原催化剂的研究进展,其中贵金属及其合金类价格较贵,过渡金属大环化合物催化稳定性还有待提高,所以目前前景最好的氧还原催化剂为M-N-C(M=Fe,Co)复合催化剂。最后,作者提出开发高效、高稳定性氧还原催化剂最根本的解决之道在于进一步研究催化机理,提高催化剂催化活性位点利用率。Low-temperature fuel cells have a wide range of applications because of its high energy conversion efficiency,environmental friendliness and many other advantages.However,the slow kinetics of the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction at room temperature is the biggest obstacle to its practical application.Therefore,the research of cathode oxygen reduction reaction catalysts in low temperature fuel cell is one of the hot spots in recent years.This paper reviews the research progress of three kinds of oxygen reduction catalysts,such as precious metals and their alloys,carbon based materials and transition metal macrocyclic compounds.The precious metals and their alloys are expensive,and the catalytic stability of transition metal macrocyclic compounds has yet to be improved,so the most promising oxygen reduction catalyst is M-N-C(M = Fe,Co)composite catalyst.Finally,the author proposed that the most effective way to develop highly efficient and highly stable oxygen reduction reaction catalyst is to further study the catalytic mechanism and increase the catalytic active site utilization rate.

关 键 词：燃料电池 氧还原 催化剂 催化活性位点 

分 类 号：O64[理学—物理化学]