牧草辐射诱变育种的研究进展  

Research Progress in Irradiation-Induced Mutation Breeding of Forage

作　　者：孙小富 王雷挺 赵丽丽[1] 黄莉娟 简忠岭 王家豪 SUN Xiaofu;WANG Leiting;ZHAO Lili;HUANG Lijuan;JIAN Zhongling;WANG Jiahao(Department of Pratacultural Science,College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院草业科学系

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2019年第11期18-26,共9页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560664,31702173);贵州省农业攻关计划项目[黔科合支撑(2016)2516，黔科合NY字(20143048];贵州省高层次创新型人才[黔财教(2017)45]

摘　　要：辐射诱变育种是人类利用电磁辐射或电离辐射诱发基因突变,促进基因重组,提高重组率,以获得各种变异、创造新的遗传资源的一种育种技术,具有提高突变率、改良不良性状、缩短育种年限的特点,已广泛应用于各种新品种的选育。为牧草辐射诱变育种提供理论基础与借鉴参考,从诱变源的种类、诱变育种特点与机制、诱变材料的选择及其诱变效应和突变体的筛选与鉴定等方面对牧草辐射诱变育种的研究进展进行了概述,并展望了未来牧草辐射诱变育种的前景。Radiation mutation breeding is a kind of breeding technology to induce gene mutation,promote gene recombination and improve recombination rate,so as to obtain various mutations and create new genetic resources by using electromagnetic radiation or ionizing radiation.It is featured by increasing mutation rate,improving bad characters and shortening breeding duration.And it has been widely used in the breeding of various new varieties.To provide theoretical basis and references for the breeding of forage radiation mutation,in this paper the authors summarize the research progress of forage radiation mutation breeding and propose the prospect of future forage breeding radiation mutation breeding from the aspects of mutagenic source species,characteristics and mechanism of mutagenic breeding,selection of mutagenic materials and mutagenic effects,and the screening and identification of mutants.

关 键 词：牧草 辐射诱变育种 诱变机理 突变体筛选 

分 类 号：S540.352[农业科学—作物学]