海滨耐盐植物耐盐性及其形态和生理适应性研究进展  

Research advances in salt tolerance and adaptability of strand halo-tolerant plants in morphology and physiology

作　　者：王宏信[1] 骆娟[1] 李向林[1] WANG Hong-xin;LUO Juan;LI Xiang-lin(Sanya University,Sanya 572000,China)

机构地区：[1]三亚学院

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2019年第6期86-89,共4页Journal of Biology

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金青年项目(318QN253);海南省自然科学基金面上项目(317181);海南省高等学校科学研究重点项目(Hnky2016ZD-13,Hnky2017-60)

摘　　要：海滨位于陆地与大海之间的前沿线,主要由潮间带与潮上带两部分组成,具有独特的陆、海属性,属于比较典型的生态脆弱区。海滨生态系统是全球单位面积服务功能最高的生态系统之一。海滨耐盐植物的耐盐性对海滨生态系统的结构与功能及其维持该区域生物资源总量具有重要的意义。目前,海滨耐盐植物对盐胁迫的适应性是生物抗性研究的热点。综述了海滨耐盐植物的耐盐性及其在形态和生理方面的适应性,分析了海滨耐盐植物在生物量积累、叶片、茎、根系解剖结构、根系构型、光合参数、养分利用、抗氧化系统指标、个体发育、分子机制等方面对耐盐性的可塑响应,阐述了海滨耐盐植物与根际微生物的共生机理以及海滨耐盐植物耐盐性评价。最后,分析了目前海滨耐盐植物耐盐性研究中存在的问题,并展望了未来的研究方向。The seashore is the frontier line between land and sea.It mainly consists of intertidal zone and supratidal zone and has unique land and sea property and is typical fragile area of ecology.The seashore ecosystem is one of the ecosystems with the highest service function per unit area in the world.Salt tolerance of strand halo-tolerant plants is of great significance to the structure and function of coastal ecosystems and to the maintenance of the total biological resources in the region.At present,plant tolerance to salt stress is a hot topic in the research of biological stress resistance.This paper summarized the salt tolerance of strand halo-tolerant plants and their adaptability in morphology and physiology.The plastic response of strand halo-tolerant plants to salt tolerance was analyzed in biomass accumulation,leaf,stem,root anatomical structure,root architecture,carbohydrate allocation,nutrient utilization,antioxidant system-associated indicator,ontogenesis,molecular mechanisms related to salt tolerance of strand halo-tolerant plants and expounded the symbiosis between strand halo-tolerant plants and Rhizosphere microorganisms.The relationship and the evaluation of plant salt tolerance in seashore were discussed.Finally,the problems in the study of plant salt tolerance in seashore were analyzed,and the future research directions were prospected.

关 键 词：海滨耐盐植物 耐盐性 形态适应性 生理适应性 可塑性 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]