太湖不同湖区水质状况及其随水温变化的比较  

Comparison of Water Quality in Different Areas in Taihu Lake and Its Change Rule with Water Temperature

作　　者：叶羽婷 佟一帆 刘茂松[1] YE Yu-ting;TONG Yi-fan;LIU Mao-song(School of Life Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210046;Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210036)

机构地区：[1]南京大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210046 [2]江苏省环境科学研究院,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2019年第23期93-98,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：温度对湖泊中氮磷营养盐等主要水环境因子和蓝藻生长起着重要作用,从而影响湖泊富营养化状态。通过长期监测数据,以太湖的北部梅梁湾和邻近的湖心区、入湖口为主要研究对象,采用因子分析法,比较分析不同湖区水质状况的主要影响因子;并采用营养状态指数法和Pearson相关性分析,分析并探讨水温对水体富营养化的影响及其在不同湖区间的差异性。结果表明,梅梁湾、湖心区、河口区3个湖区影响水质的主要因子存在区位差异。其中,梅梁湾和湖心区影响水质的最主要因子都与磷元素、Chl-a和COD Mn有关;而河口区影响水质的最主要因子与TN、NH 4+-N和水温有关。水温与3个湖区综合营养状态指数均存在极显著相关,但具有区位差异。在梅梁湾和河口区,随着水温的升高,富营养化程度加剧;而在湖心区,富营养化程度会随着水温的升高有所缓解。随着水温的升高,氮素在各湖区的营养负荷都有所降低。总体来说,水温与湖泊富营养化存在显著相关,但对不同指标及不同湖区间的影响存在差异。Temperature is important to the growth of cyanobacteria and concentrations of major water environmental factors,such as nitrogen and phosphorus,thus affecting the condition of eutrophication of lakes.Based on long-term monitoring data of Meiliang Bay and central lake of Taihu Lake,the main influencing factors to water quality in different lake areas were discussed with Factor Analysis.The effect of water temperature on water eutrophication and its difference in different lake areas were analyzed and discussed by using the nutritional status index method and Pearson correlation analysis.The results showed that there were regional differences in the main factors affecting water quality.In Meiliang Bay and central lake,phosphorus,Chl-a and COD Mn were the most important factors affecting water quality,while TN,NH 4+-N and water temperature were the most important factors affecting water quality in estuary.There was a significant correlation between the water temperature and the condition of eutrophication,but there were regional differences.In Meiliang Bay and estuary,the degree of eutrophication increased with the increase of water temperature,while in center lake,the degree of eutrophication decreased.With the increase of water temperature,the nutrient load of nitrogen decreased.Overall,this study showed that there was a significant correlation between water temperature and eutrophication,but the impacts on different indicators and different lake areas were different.

关 键 词：太湖 因子分析 综合营养状态指数 温度 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]