江苏海岸中部近岸冬季潮汐和潮流特征  

Characteristics of tides and tidal currents at central Jiangsu coast, China

作　　者：王逸涵 王韫玮[1] 于谦[2] 蔡辉[1] 高抒 WANG Yi-han;WANG Yun-wei;YU Qian;CAI Hui;GAO Shu(College of Harbour,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210024,China;MOE Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;State Key Laboratory for Estuarine and Coastal Studies,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学港口、海岸与近海工程学院,江苏南京210024 [2]南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210023 [3]华东师范大学河口与海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《海洋科学》2019年第10期66-74,共9页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41676077,41676081);河海大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2016B00814)~~

摘　　要：南黄海西侧的江苏海岸近岸区域,素以地形复杂、潮流强劲、悬沙输运剧烈著称,但是较长期的同步潮位和潮流观测数据仍然缺乏,尤其是在近岸(<20 km)浅水(<20 m)区域。2014年1月在大丰港附近开展了连续潮位和潮流观测,获得的数据揭示了一系列特征。此地潮汐潮流为正规半日潮,浅水分潮显著。平均潮差为3.05 m,最显著的两个分潮为M2和S2分潮,振幅分别为1.45 m和0.52 m。潮流最显著的半日分潮M2分潮和最显著的浅水分潮M4分潮在沿岸方向上振幅分别为0.84m/s和0.12m/s,在跨岸方向上振幅分别为0.24 m/s和0.01 m/s,沿岸方向占绝对优势。潮波的沿岸传播介于前进波和驻波之间,驻波的特征稍强。M2分潮潮流椭圆最大流(长轴)方向为南偏东7.4°。存在冬季沿岸向北的余流,垂向平均值的大小为2.2 cm/s。以上潮汐潮流特征为该区域海洋物质输运研究提供了基础资料。The near-shore area of the Jiangsu coast on the west side of the south Yellow Sea is known for its complex topography,strong currents,and intensive transport of suspended sediment.However,synchronized observational data of tide level and tidal currents for long periods are still lacking,particularly within 20 km offshore area,at a water depth of 20 m.In January 2014,continuous observations of tidal level and tidal currents were conducted near the Dafeng Port,located at the central Jiangsu coast.The observed data revealed a series of features.Tides and tidal currents in this area are regular semidiurnal,and shallow water over-tides are significant.The mean tidal range is 3.05 m,and the most significant tidal constituents are M2 and S2,with amplitudes of 1.45 and 0.52 m,respectively.The most significant semidiurnal component and shallow water over-tide of tidal currents are M2 and M4,respectively with amplitudes of 0.84 and 0.12 m/s alongshore,and 0.24 and 0.01 m/s cross-shore,showing an absolute dominance of the alongshore tidal currents.The alongshore propagation pattern of tidal waves is between progressive and standing waves with characteristics of standing waves being slightly strong.The maximum current of the M2 tidal current ellipse is 7.4°south-east.Residual currents exist northward alongshore in winter,and the depth-averaged value is 2.2 cm/s.These characteristics provided the basis for research on marine material transport in this area.

关 键 词：潮位 潮流 余流 调和分析 江苏海岸 

分 类 号：P717[天文地球—海洋科学]