不同播期和大棚育苗微环境对单季粳稻秧苗素质的影响  

Effects of different sowing date and greenhouse seedling microenvironment on seedling quality of single season japonica rice

作　　者：张美玲 陈龙 陈洪利 辛明月 徐静 于文颖[4] ZHANG Mei-ling;CHEN Long;CHEN Hong-li;XIN Ming-yue;XU Jing;YU Wen-ying(Panjin Dawa Meteorological Bureau,Panjin 124200,Liaoning,China;Panjin Meteorological Bureau,Panjin 124010,Liaoning,China;Panshan County Meteorological Bureau,Panjin 124100,Liaoning,China;Shenyang Institute of Atmospheric Environment,China Meteorological Administration,Shenyang 110166,China)

机构地区：[1]盘锦市大洼区气象局,辽宁盘锦124200 [2]盘锦市气象局,辽宁盘锦124010 [3]盘山县气象局,辽宁盘锦124100 [4]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,沈阳110166

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2019年第22期23-27,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省气象局科学技术研究项目(2015SXG21);盘锦市气象局科学技术研究项目(07)

摘　　要：以晚熟水稻品种盐丰47为研究对象,于2015年在辽宁省盘锦市进行了分期播种试验,分析了不同播期和大棚育苗微环境对单季粳稻秧苗素质的影响。结果表明,随着播种期推迟,粳稻秧苗生育期逐渐缩短,生育进程加快,主要体现在播种至出苗期和出苗至1.5叶龄期。粳稻秧苗生长速率与积温、日照时间呈极显著负相关,与日平均气温和日平均相对湿度相关性不显著。不同播期对粳稻秧苗的最终株高影响不大。1.5叶龄至2.5叶龄期,粳稻秧苗主要发展根系,2.5叶龄至3.5叶龄期主要集中在地上部干物质的累积,且播期晚的秧苗根系生长健壮。粳稻秧苗株高、干物质、根冠比与日平均气温、积温、日照时间、日平均相对湿度均无显著相关性。结合本地生产实际,确定晚熟粳稻适宜播种期在4月18日前后。Based on the late rice variety Yanfeng 47 as the research object, the experiment of sowing by stages was carried out in Panjin city in 2015. The effects of different sowing date and greenhouse seedling microenvironment on seedling quality of single season japonica rice were analyzed. The results showed that with the delay of sowing date, the growth period of japonica rice seedlings was shortened and the growth process was accelerated, which was mainly embodied in sowing-seedling stage and emergence-1.5 leaf age. The growth rate of japonica rice seedlings was significantly negatively correlated with accumulated temperature and sunshine time, and was not significantly correlated with daily mean temperature and daily average relative humidity. The different sowing date had little influence on the final plant height of japonica rice seedlings. At 1.5-leaf-age to 2.5-leaf stage, japonica rice seedlings mainly developed root system, but it mainly concentrated on the accumulation of dry matter in the ground at 2.5-leaf to 3.5-leaf-age period, and the root system of the seedling with late sowing date was strong. There were no significant correlations between rice seedling height, dry matter, root-shoot ratio, daily average temperature, accumulative temperature, sunshine time and daily mean relative humidity. Combining with local production practice, the suitable sowing date of late maturing japonica rice was determined around April 18.

关 键 词：单季粳稻 分期播种 微环境 秧苗素质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]