水位波动对洞庭湖越冬小天鹅家域的影响  

Home range associated with water surface variations for wintering Cygnus columbianus in Dongting Lake

作　　者：黄田 徐正刚[1,3] 周立波 赵运林 HUANG Tian;XU Zhenggang;ZHOU Libo;ZHAO Yunlin(College of Information and Electronic Engineering,Hunan City University,Yiyang 413002,China;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing Based Big Data&Ecological Security for Hunan Province,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Hunan Engineering Research Center for Internet of Animals,Changsha 410205,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南城市学院信息与电子工程学院,益阳413002 [2]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [3]中南林业科技大学林业遥感大数据与生态安全湖南省重点实验室,长沙410004 [4]湖南省动物物联网工程技术研究中心,长沙410205

出　　处：《生态学报》2019年第22期8657-8666,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2019JJ40012);湖南省科技创新平台与人才计划项目(2017TP2014,2018TP1042,2016TP1014)

摘　　要：洞庭湖是小天鹅在我国的重要越冬地之一,为探讨洞庭湖水位变动对越冬小天鹅活动的影响,本研究于2014—2015年利用卫星跟踪技术对洞庭湖自然保护区18只越冬小天鹅活动轨迹进行跟踪,采用最小凸多边形(MCP)和核心密度估计(KDE)方法估算了越冬中、后期不同水位条件下小天鹅的家域。同时,基于MODIS遥感数据提取洞庭湖水体面积、计算水体淹没时间指数(STI),进而开展了水位与家域关系、栖息地选择模式等方面的分析和探讨。结果表明:水位对小天鹅家域起制约作用,随着水位上升小天鹅家域范围会明显减小;越冬期间小天鹅喜好在空间相邻的浅水和草地综合性区域活动,食物资源分布和可获得性是小天鹅活动区发生改变的主要原因。Dongting Lake is an important wintering habitat of Cygnus columbianus in China.To explore the effect of water level changes in Dongting Lake on the activities of wintering Cygnus columbianus,satellite tracking was carried out for 18 C.columbianus individuals in the Dongting Lake between 2014 and 2015.The home range of C.columbianus at different water levels during the wintering period were estimated via the Minimum Convex Polygons(MCP)and Kernel Density Estimation(KDE)methods.The MODIS remote sensing data were used to extract the surface water of Dongting Lake during the wintering period and calculate the Submergence Time Index(STI),followed by correlation analysis and spatial superposition analysis of the home range,water level,and STI.The water level restricts the home range size of C.columbianus,which is then significantly reduced with an increase in the water level.During the wintering period,the favorite habitat of C.columbianus is the integrative area of shallow water and grasslands,and the distribution and availability of food resources are the primary reasons for the changes in the home range.

关 键 词：水位 家域 卫星跟踪 小天鹅 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]