缓倾内斜坡多层采煤下覆岩变形特征数值模拟研究  

Discussion of Easily Confused Nomenclatures and Problems in Geologic Disaster Numerical Simulation Study on Deformation Law of Overlying Rock under Multi-level Coal Mining with Slowly Inclined Slope

作　　者：刘庆义 赵国宣 钱皓南 赵建军 余建乐 LIU Qing-yi;ZHAO Guo-xuan;QIAN Hao-nan;ZHAO Jian-jun;YU Jian-le(Guizhou Geological environment monitoring institute,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China;Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou,China;Guizhou Geology and Basic Engineering Co.,Ltd,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China;State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省地质环境监测院,贵州贵阳550081 [2]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局,贵州贵阳550004 [3]贵州地矿基础工程有限公司,贵州贵阳550081 [4]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室(成都理工大学),四川成都610059

出　　处：《贵州地质》2019年第4期366-374,共9页Guizhou Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41877273);国家创新研究群体科学基金(No.41521002);国家重点基础研究计划(973)资助项目(No.2013CB733202)

摘　　要：贵州省水城县发耳煤矿尖山营变形体、米萝煤矿后山变形体以及兴仁县国保煤矿映山红山变形体是典型的采动斜坡,变形具有显著的矿山地质灾害特征。本文通过对前述三处采动斜坡坡体结构特征总结分析,提出具有代表性的概化工程地质模型,并基于离散元数值模拟方法,对开采三层煤条件下不同采空区排布方式覆岩变形破坏特征进行了研究。研究表明:采空区完全重叠条件下最上层采空区覆岩塌陷最严重,受岩体碎胀性影响岩体塌陷的最大深度小于采空区竖向总厚度;采空区顶板岩体破坏会逐渐向上部岩体传递,这种破坏现象传递至地表后破坏程度相较于采空区顶板减弱,地表塌陷的最大值远小于采空区竖向总厚度,其与采空区重叠面积相关性小;采空区排列的总长度越大,斜坡变形范围越大,但位移量值相较于采空区重叠的情况小;斜坡下部煤层被开采后,采空区上部坡体具有向坡外运动的趋势,坡脚出现显著的应力集中,坡脚岩体对斜坡具有“锁固”效应,扰动坡脚对斜坡稳定会产生不利影响。The Jianshanying Deformation of the Faer Coal Mine and the Deformation of the Miluo Coal Mine in Shuicheng County,and the Yingshanhongshan Deformation of the Guobao Coal Mine in Dawa Village of Xingren County,Guizhou Province,are typical mining slopes with significant characteristics of mine geological disasters.Based on the analysis of the structural characteristics of the above-mentioned three mining slopes,this paper proposes a representative generalized engineering geological model,and based on the discrete element numerical simulation method,the layout of different goafs under the minning condition of mining three-layer coal rock deformation and failure characteristics were studied.The research shows that the overburden collapse of the uppermost mined area is the most serious under the condition of complete overlap of the goaf,and the maximum thickness of the collapse of the rock mass affected by the collapse of the rock mass is less than the total thickness of the goaf;the collapse of the goaf is transmitted to the surface after the collapse.The maximum value of surface subsidence is much smaller than the total thickness of the goaf.And its correlation with the overlap area of the goaf is weak;the total length of the goaf more larger,the range of slope deformation also having same phenomenon.But the displacement value is compared with the overlap of the goaf is smaller.After the coal seam in the lower part of the slope is mined,the upper slope of the goaf has a tendency to move out of the slope.And significant stress concentration occurs at the foot of the slope.The rock mass of the slope has a“locking”effect on the slope.Disturbing the foot of the slope can adversely affect the stability of the slope.

关 键 词：采动斜坡 矿山地质灾害 采空区排列 数值模拟 变形特征 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学] P694[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]