华北克拉通孔兹岩带内孔兹岩系沉积过程对石墨矿床成矿的控制  

Sedimentary Process Controls on the Graphite Mineralized in the Khondalite Series, Western North China Craton

作　　者：马旭东[1] 钟焱 陈雅丽 曲晓明[1] MA Xudong;ZHONG Yan;CHEN Yali;QU Xiaoming(MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;Tianjin Center,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China;Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037 [2]中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,天津300170 [3]农业部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191

出　　处：《大地构造与成矿学》2019年第6期1155-1168,共14页Geotectonica et Metallogenia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41572174);中国地质调查局地质调查子项目(DD20160042-1)联合资助

摘　　要：石墨因其特殊的物理化学性质广泛应用于现代工业,市场对石墨特别是高品质的晶质石墨需求日趋增大。华北克拉通作为晶质石墨的主要产区,大部分矿床产于早前寒武纪孔兹岩系中。通过总结华北克拉通西部孔兹岩系中石墨的碳同位素特征,确定石墨中的碳主要来源于前期沉积物中的有机质,仅混合少量麻粒岩相去气过程中产生的无机碳,因此有机质的沉积量成为控制石墨矿储量的最主要因素。在此认识基础上,本文总结了华北克拉通西部孔兹岩系的地质特征、岩石组合、含矿性、构造变形及年代学特征,进而探讨华北克拉通西部孔兹岩系沉积过程对石墨矿床成矿的控制,认为孔兹岩系的沉积环境为活动陆缘的弧后盆地,沉积序列底部最有利于有机质的沉淀。结合该带内地质情况,确定华北克拉通西部具有寻找大型石墨矿的巨大空间。Due to its special physical and chemical properties, graphite is widely used in modern industry, which results in the booming demands of flake crystalline graphite. The North China Craton(NCC) is the biggest production area for crystalline graphite in China, and most of the graphite deposits occur in the Precambrian khondalite series. Our compilation of carbon isotopic compositions of graphite from the khondalite series in the western NCC demonstrated that the organic matter deposited during the sedimentation is the major source of ore-forming materials for the graphite ore deposits. Moreover, we reviewed the geological characteristics, ore-bearing potential, tectonic deformation and geochronology of the khondalite series in the western NCC, and inferred that these khondalites were deposited in a back-arc basin along an active continental margin. A tentative lithofacies paleogeographic investigation of the khondalite series suggests that the bottom sequence is favorable for the formation of graphite, and geological observations showed that the western NCC has huge exploring and prospecting potential of graphite ores.

关 键 词：石墨矿床 物质来源 孔兹岩系 华北克拉通 

分 类 号：P587[天文地球—岩石学] P536[天文地球—地质学]