生理应激对蛋鸡形态特征、消化和内分泌水平及繁殖的影响  

Effects of physiological stress on morphology,digestive and endocrine levels and reproductive index of laying hens

作　　者：段建兵 郭琛琛 相艳丽 DUAN Jianbing;GUO Chenchen;XIANG Yanli(Hebei Xinji City Animal Husbandry Workstation,Xinji,Hebei Province 052360,China;Animal Health Supervision Institute of Nanzhiqiu in Xinji City of Hebei Province,Xinji,Hebei Province 052360,China)

机构地区：[1]河北辛集市畜牧工作站,河北辛集052360 [2]河北省辛集市南智邱动物卫生监督分所,河北辛集052360

出　　处：《中国饲料》2019年第22期41-45,共5页China Feed

摘　　要：试验通过持续灌注促肾上腺皮质激素介导蛋鸡产生应激反应,将促肾上腺皮质激素溶于0.85%生理盐水中,每台泵每天对每1 kg体重的蛋鸡以1μL/h的速度灌注10 IU的促肾上腺皮质激素,持续6 d。试验结果发现,促肾上腺皮质激素处理增加了蛋鸡体重和屠体重、后屠体重、肠道和肝脏重量,肝脏成分分析显示干物质、水分、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物和灰分增加(P <0.05)。屠体前半部分的重量及腹脂、心脏、头部、脚和皮肤的重量不受促肾上腺皮质激素处理的影响(P> 0.05)。促肾上腺皮质激素可使血浆皮质酮、葡萄糖、胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白升高,而甘油三酯降低(P <0.05)。经促肾上腺皮质激素处理的鸡的采食量和水分摄入量、粪排泄量和粪干物质均有所增加(P <0.05)。促肾上腺皮质激素降低了粪便中碳水化合物的含量,而灰分、蛋白质、纤维和总能量未受显著影响(P> 0.05)。促肾上腺皮质激素对干物质、蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪或总能量消化率无显著影响(P> 0.05)。但促肾上腺皮质激素增加了灰分、蛋白质、碳水化合物和总能量的吸收量(P <0.05)。促肾上腺皮质激素可降低绵羊红细胞抗体水平、细胞介导免疫(植物血凝素-磷酸盐指数)和脾脏相对重量,提高异嗜细胞和淋巴细胞比值(P <0.05)。促肾上腺皮质激素对鸡的生殖有负面影响,蛋鸡处理第3天后停止产蛋、输卵管重量下降、卵泡闭锁。In this study,adrenocorticotrophic hormone(ACTH)was dissolved in 0.85%saline by continuing to focus on the stress response of laying hens,and 10 IU of ACTH was perfusion at 1μL/h per kg of body weight per day per pump for 6 days.Results found that ACTH treatment increased laying hens body weight,slaughter weight,gut and liver weight and liver composition analysis showed that dry matter,moisture,protein,fat,carbohydrates and ash content increased(P<0.05).The weight of the front half of the carcass and the abdominal fat,heart,head,feet and skin were not affected by ACTH treatment(P>0.05).ACTH treatment increased plasma corticosterone,glucose,cholesterol,and high-density lipoprotein while decreased triglycerides(P<0.05).The intake of feed,water,excretion of feces and dry matter of feces were increased in the ACTH treated group(P<0.05).ACTH treatment reduced the carbohydrate content in feces,while ash,protein,fiber and total energy were not significantly affected(P>0.05).ACTH treatment had no significant effect on dry matter,protein,carbohydrate,fat or total energy digestibility(P>0.05).However,ACTH treatment increased the absorption of ash,protein,carbohydrates and total energy(P<0.05).ACTH treatment can reduce the level of erythrocyte antibodies,cellmediated immunity(phytohaemagglutinin-phosphate index)and the relative weight of the spleen,and increase the ratio of heterophilic cells to lymphocytes(P<0.05).ACTH had negative effects on chicken reproduction,layers stopped laying eggs at d 3 after treatment,oviduct weight decreased and follicular atresis was observed.

关 键 词：蛋鸡 生理应激 促肾上腺皮质激素 形态特征 繁殖性能 消化 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]