黄海南部海域不同类群微型浮游原生生物生长对亚洲沙尘和磷添加的响应  

Response of Nanoplanktonic Protists Growth in Different Sizes to Asian Dust and Phosphorus Addition in the South Yellow Sea

作　　者：晨曦 刘光兴[1,2] 白晓岩 史冬婉 张潮[1,2] 赵阳国 高会旺[1,2] CHEN Xi;LIU Guang-Xing;BAI Xiao-Yan;SHI Dong-Wan;ZHANG Chao;ZHAO Yang-Guo;GAO Hui-Wang(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;College of Marine Life Science,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期22-30,共9页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41210008);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2014CB953701)资助~~

摘　　要：海洋原生生物是微食物环的重要组成部分,在海洋生态系统的物质循环和食物传递中发挥着不可替代的作用;亚洲沙尘颗粒经长距离输运后沉降入黄海,会对海洋生态系统产生显著影响。本研究在黄海南部海域进行了现场模拟培养实验,分析了不同浓度沙尘和P添加对不同粒径、异养类型浮游原生生物生长速率的影响。结果表明,在培养早期,P和沙尘的添加都会促进各营养类型浮游原生生物的生长,特别是对10~20μm自养型生长速率的促进作用最为显著,其在高、低浓度P和高、低浓度沙尘添加组的生长速率分别为1.39、0.96、0.69和0.47 d-1,分别是对照组的5.35、3.69倍和2.65、1.81倍(P<0.05),表明研究海区为P潜在限制海区,沙尘对原生生物的促进作用可能和P的溶出有关;沙尘对异养型和兼养型原生生物早期是抑制作用。在培养后期,沙尘添加对各类群原生生物的生长以促进作用为主,对2~5μm异养型的促进作用最为显著,其在高、低浓度沙尘组的生长速率分别为0.84和0.40 d-1,显著高于对照组的-0.46 d-1(P<0.05)。沙尘沉降早期对大粒径自养型原生生物生长的促进作用会加速富营养海区赤潮的发生,但对异养型的抑制作用会削弱海区物质循环和食物传递的效率;沙沉降对不同粒径和营养类型浮游原生生物生长的影响会改变黄海南部海区微型食物网的结构,影响原生生物在该海区物质转化和食物产出中的生态功能,研究结果可为深入探讨沙沉降对海洋生态系统的作用机制和生态效应提供科学参考。Nanoplanktonic(2~20 μm) protists play critical roles in microbial loop with irreplaceable function in organic matter remineralization and global carbon sequestration. The dust storms from the continent usually affect the abundance and diversity of protists. As such, the response of protists to dusts and phosphorus was investigated in the South Yellow Sea through on-board incubation experiments during an oceanographic survey in winter 2014. The results showed that, in the early stage of incubation,the phosphorus dosage observably promoted the growth of protists, especially phototrophic protists 10~20 μm in size, which the growth rates were 1.39 and 0.96 d-1 in high and low phosphorus dosage groups, respectively, which were 5.35 and 3.69 times of the control. Dusts also promoted the growth of protists in the beginning, especially phototrophic protists 10~20 μm in size, which the growth rates were 0.69 and 0.47 d-1 in high and low dust addition groups, respectively, which were 2.65 and 1.81 times higher than the control. Nevertheless, dusts inhibit the growth of heterotrophic and mixotrophic protists.In the final stage of incubation,dust addition increased the growth rate of protists, 2~5 μm heterotrophic protists in particular, which were 0.84 and 0.46 d-1 in high and low dust addition groups, higher than-0.46 d-1 of the control. This study concluded that dust deposition affect the growth rate and abundance of nanoplanktonic protists, thus changes the structure and alters the efficiency of microbial food web.

关 键 词：原生生物 促进作用 海洋生态系统 物质循环 生长速率 物质转化 生态效应 沙尘 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]