空间均衡模型在北京城市副中心规划中的应用  

Application of Spatial EquilibriumModel in Sub-Center Planning of Beijing

作　　者：万励[1] 金鹰[1,2] 崔博庶 茅明睿 吴晨 杨蕾 WAN Li;JIN Ying;CUI Boshu;MAO Mingrui;WU Chen;YANG Lei(Department of Engineering,Trumpington Street,Cambridge CB21PZ,United Kingdom;Department of Architecture,1–5 Scroope Terrace,Cambridge CB21PX,United Kingdom;Beijing City Quadrant Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100124,China;Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Urban Design&Urban Renaissance,Beijing Institute of Architectural Design,Beijing 100045,China)

机构地区：[1]英国剑桥大学工程系 [2]马丁建筑与城市研究中心 [3]北京市城市象限科技有限公司,北京100124 [4]北京市建筑设计研究院有限公司、北京市城市设计与城市复兴工程技术研究中心,100045

出　　处：《城市与区域规划研究》2019年第2期140-158,共19页Journal of Urban and Regional Planning

基　　金：北京建筑大学北京未来城市设计高精尖创新中心(“城市空间发展决策支撑系统关键技术研究——以北京市中心城六区为例”,UDC2018030611)资助。

摘　　要：城市模型是对城市作为一个复杂系统进行理论抽象的产物。在城市研究方面,城市模型可以帮助研究者以量化的方式从系统层面理解城市各个子系统之间的相互关系,加深对城市系统的理论理解;在城市规划政策方面,城市模型可以对规划政策的成本效益、社会、经济及环境影响进行综合性分析;通过规划情景分析,模型可以帮助政策制定者发现关键的政策变量,为优化政策设计与决策提供实证数据支持。本文对城市空间规划领域的主要城市模型类型进行综述,重点介绍基于空间均衡理论的城市土地和交通整合模型在北京市城市规划中的应用实践。参照城市模型在国外发达国家城市规划研究和应用的经验,城市模型在中国城市与区域规划中的应用将有助于加强规划研究的跨学科融合,同时提升城市规划决策的科学性。Urban model is an abstraction from the structure and processes that define the city as a complex system.Urban models help researchers to investigate and simulate the interdependences among urban subsystems,deepening our knowledge on how cities operate and evolve.In the sphere of spatial and city planning,applied urban models can quantify the wider socio-economic and environmental impacts of major urban development and infrastructure investment options.The model-based policy analysis is able to identify key policy variables as well as the potential risks through comparing alternative development scenarios,which provides the evidence base for multi-stakeholder policy discussion.This paper reviews the major types of urban models pertaining to spatial and city planning,and the recent progress on each modelling strand.A new spatial equilibrium landuse and transport interaction model application for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei city region and its policy use for supporting urban planning policymaking in Beijing is discussed.Remarks on the future development of urban models for Chinese cities are provided.

关 键 词：城市模型 土地利用 土地规划 交通规划 空间均衡 

分 类 号：TU9[建筑科学]