威廉·克莱顿对马歇尔计划的历史贡献  

William Clayton’s Historical Contribution to the Marshall Plan

作　　者：王新谦[1] Wang Xinqian

机构地区：[1]河南大学国际问题研究所

出　　处：《史学月刊》2019年第12期96-103,共8页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“寻找真实的马歇尔计划”（18FSS010）

摘　　要：威廉·克莱顿是战后初期美国对外经济政策的主要设计师和推动者。在马歇尔计划形成过程中,克莱顿居功至伟。他最早提出了欧洲联合复兴的设想,为欧洲走向一体化指明了前进的方向;他的"5月备忘录"成了马歇尔哈佛演讲的重要参考依据和组成部分;他主持了与西欧国家的多边谈判,成功地说服了英国人支持马歇尔计划并对欧洲经济合作委员会提交美国的总报告提供了"必要的技术指导",确保了马歇尔计划的顺利推进和美国外交政策目标的实现。William Clayton was the main designer and promoter of American foreign economic policies in the early postwar period.During the formulation of the Marshall Plan,Clayton made great contributions.He was the first person to put forward the idea of European joint rejuvenation which pointed out the way forward for European integration;his"Memo of May"was the important reference and the main part of Marshall’s Harvard Address;he presided over the multilateral talks with Western European countries and successfully persuaded the British to support the Marshall Plan;and moreover,he offered"essential technical guidance"to the general report submitted to the U.S.by CEEC which ensured the smooth promotion of the Marshall Plan and the realization of American foreign policy objectives.

关 键 词：威廉·克莱顿 马歇尔计划 欧洲联合复兴 “5月备忘录” 

分 类 号：K712.54[历史地理—历史学]