20世纪七八十年代英国的智库发展  

The Dynamics of British Think Tanks During the 1970s and 1980s

作　　者：马瑞映[1] 田恺 Ma Ruiying;Tian Kai

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《史学月刊》2019年第12期104-112,共9页Journal of Historical Science

摘　　要：20世纪七八十年代是英国政治、经济的转轨时期,也是英国智库发展的"第二波",涌现出经济事务学会、政策研究中心、亚当·斯密研究所等诸多智库。就成立缘由、组织结构和运作方式而言,这些智库兼具时代特征与自身特色。它们以各自的理念和实践方式,与政府、政党以及公众展开辩论与互动,形成的研究成果和营造的意见氛围,对政府政策的制定产生了重要影响。但是,透过智库自身话语中夸大的炫耀成分,智库的真实影响并非如想象中那么具有关键性,反而呈现出意识形态色彩强烈、影响"外围"化、为政策失败承担责任等多重侧面。产生或壮大于转轨时期的"第二波"智库在英国智库发展史和智识实践史上扮演了承上启下、继往开来的特殊角色。The 1970s and 1980s of the twentieth century marks a transition of British politics and economy.It is also the second wave of the development of British think tanks,when the Institute of Economic Affairs,Centre for Policy Studies and Adam Smith Institute orderly came on the stage.In terms of origins,structures and operations,these think tanks are unique in certain ways.With distinctive ideas and practices,they conducted discussions among party leaders,government officials and the public.Relative researches and the climate opinion derived from these discussions had a remarkable influence on the policy process and its products.Moreover,through the exaggeration in the self-narration of think tanks,it can be seen that their real impact was probably not as essential as one is expected to decide.British think tanks could be presented as a combination of strong ideological consciousness,marginalization and the target to blame for policy failure.The second wave of British think tanks,which were either born or proliferated during the transition period,plays an important role in the history of British think tanks and intellectual practices.

关 键 词：英国 智库 转轨时期 

分 类 号：K561.5[历史地理—历史学]