磁化咸水灌溉对葡萄生长和土壤矿质养分的影响  

Effects of irrigation with magnetized saline water on Vitis vinifera growth and soil mineral nutrients

作　　者：王渌 郭建曜 毕思圣 张志浩[1] 王华田[1] 刘秀梅 朱红[1] 唐金 陈淑英 丛桂芝 WANG Lu;GUO Jianyao;BI Sisheng;ZHANG Zhihao;WANG Huatian;LIU Xiumei;ZHU Hong;TANG Jin;CHEN Shuying;CONG Guizhi(Shandong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River,Tai’an 271018,Shandong,China;Qufu Administrative Approval Service Bureau,Qufu 273100,Shandong,China;Shanghai Environment College,Shanghai 200135,China;Yili Academy of Forestry Science,Yining 835000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学·黄河下游森林培育国家林业局重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]曲阜市行政审批服务局,山东曲阜273100 [3]上海市环境学校,上海200135 [4]伊犁州林业科学研究院,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《果树学报》2019年第12期1683-1692,共10页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(鲁财农指〔2016〕36号);国家引进国际先进林业科学技术计划(2011-4-60)

摘　　要：【目的】以2 a(年)生‘夏黑’葡萄(Vitis vinifera×V.labrusca‘Summer Black’)为试材,分析了磁化咸水灌溉后土壤根系形态特征和不同形态养分含量,以揭示磁化咸水灌溉对葡萄幼苗生长和土壤矿质养分特征的影响。【方法】分别采用0、3.0和6.0 g·L^-1三种不同质量浓度的咸水灌溉葡萄幼苗,磁化处理是接入磁化器装置处理灌溉水。通过野外调查和室内试验相结合的方法,对咸水和磁化咸水灌溉后葡萄幼苗生物学特性、叶片和土壤不同形态氮磷钾以及土壤微量元素含量进行分析。【结果】磁化处理对新梢生长量、叶面积、叶片数、根系总长度、表面积、平均直径、体积、土壤全氮、有效磷含量有极显著影响(p<0.01),对速效钾含量有显著影响(p<0.05);NaCl处理对葡萄地上部分生长指标、根系形态指标、叶片Fe、Mn、Zn、土壤硝态氮、无机氮、全磷、有效磷、速效钾、Mn和Zn含量有极显著影响(p<0.01);两处理交互作用对叶片Zn、土壤铵态氮、有效磷、速效钾含量有极显著影响(p<0.01),对叶片Fe、Mn、土壤中无机氮和Cu含量有显著影响(p<0.05);M0与NM0相比,叶面积和叶片的Zn分别提高19.42%和57.18%,差异显著(p<0.05);M3与NM3相比,新梢生长量、叶面积、叶片数、根系总长度、表面积、平均直径、体积均显著提高(p<0.05),叶片Zn、土壤全氮、铵态氮、无机氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别显著降低19.41%、44.37%、27.79%、29.72%、28.53%和10.40%(p<0.05);M6与NM6相比,新梢生长量、叶面积和根系总长度、叶片Fe和Mn含量分别提高25.56%、26.16%、33.75%、5.87%和15.57%,土壤Cu的含量降低10.72%,差异显著(p<0.05)。【结论】磁化咸水灌溉能促进矿质养分的积累和有效态养分的释放,促进植物对有效态养分的吸收利用,促进盐分环境中植物的生长发育以及改善土壤-植物间的养分循环,为微咸水或咸水资源的开发及应用提供理论【Objective】A potted experiment using two-year-old grape vines was carried out to explore the effects of irrigation with magnetized saline water on the properties of vine growth and the characteristics of mineral nutrients in the soil.【Methods】Healthy and uniform Vitis vinifera×V.labrusca‘Summer Black’vines were selected and divided into six groups,which were irrigated with magnetized(MSW)or non-magnetized saline water(NMSW)at 0,3.0 or 6.0 g·L^-1,and the characteristics of vine growth,indexes of root morphology,contents of trace elements,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were investigated under different filed conditions.The magnetizing device was provided by Magnetic Technology L.L.C.of Dubai.【Results】The shoot growth,leaf area,leaf number,total length,surface area,average diameter and volume of roots,as well the contents of total nitrogen and available phosphorus in the soil were significantly influenced by MSW(p<0.01),and the content of available potassium also showed significant difference(p<0.05)among treatments.When irrigated with saline water,there were significant variations in growth index of the above-ground,root morphological indexes,and the contents of Fe,Mn,Zn in leaf,nitrate nitrogen,inorganic nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,available potassium,Mn and Zn in the soil(p<0.01).Moreover,the interaction between the saline water irrigation and the magnetic treatment was very significant on Zn in the leaf and ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil(p<0.01),and on Fe and Mn in the leaf,and inorganic nitrogen and Cu in the soil(p<0.05).Compared with the treatment of NM0,the leaf area was significantly increased by 19.42%and the content of Zn in the leaf by 57.18%by the treatment of M0(p<0.05).Compared with the treatment of NM3,the shoot growth,leaf area,leaf number,total length,surface area,and the average diameter and volume of roots were significantly increased by the treatment of M3(p<0.05),while the content of Zn in the leaf and the conte

关 键 词：葡萄幼苗 磁化处理 咸水灌溉 生长 矿质养分 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]