杧果幼胚发育阶段对离体培养物诱导效果的影响  

Effect of immature zygotic embryo development stage on in vitro culture for ’Renong 1’ mango

作　　者：许文天[1] 武红霞[1] 高玉尧 李丽[1] 梁清志[1] 马小卫[1] 姚全胜[1] 詹儒林[1] 王松标[1] XU Wentian;WU Hongxia;GAO Yuyao;LI Li;LIANG Qingzhi;MA Xiaowei;YAO Quansheng;ZHAN Rulin;WANG Songbiao(South Subtropical Crop Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology,Ministry of Agriculture/National Center of Important Tropical Crops Engineering and Technology Research,Zhanjiang 524091,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所·农业部热带果树生物学重点实验室·国家重要热带作物工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《果树学报》2019年第12期1704-1711,共8页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(317245);海南省自然科学基金创新研究团队项目(2019CXTD410);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(1630062016002);国家重点研发专项(2017YFD0202107-7)

摘　　要：【目的】明确幼胚愈伤诱导和胚抢救最佳时期,为杧果高效体胚发生体系构建及胚抢救技术有效利用提供依据。【方法】以‘热农1号’杧果为材料,探讨幼胚不同发育时期和植物生长调节剂对愈伤组织诱导的影响,同时比较了幼胚不同发育时期对幼胚萌发的影响。【结果】授粉后25 d幼胚处于球形胚期,30 d处于心形胚期,35 d处于鱼雷胚期,40 d之后处于子叶胚期。授粉后40 d早期子叶胚愈伤组织诱导率显著高于其他时期;早期子叶胚在含有3.0 mg·L^-12,4-D、1.0 mg·L^-1 KT(或0.5 mg·L^-1 KT及0.5 mg·L^-1 ZT)培养基(PM3和PM4)中愈伤组织诱导率最高,为54.4%~62.2%,显著高于其他培养基。授粉后35 d鱼雷胚的萌发率最高,为47.2%,显著高于其他时期。愈伤组织能经体胚发生途径正常成苗,幼胚萌发后也能正常发育成苗。【结论】‘热农1号’杧果幼胚愈伤诱导最适宜的时期是早期子叶胚,胚抢救最适宜的时期是鱼雷胚阶段。【Objective】Mango(Mangifera indica L.)is one of the most important fruit crops in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world.However,most commercial mango cultivars are highly susceptible to pathogens and some are highly disease-resistant but are not tasteful.Cross breeding is not very efficient because of low seed setting rate in mango.Somatic embryogenesis is a key way for genetic improvement,and embryo rescue is an important way to solve the early embryo abortion in fruit trees.Immature embryo or nucellus is the most commonly adopted explant in somatic embryo induction of mango.It had been verified that the embryo development phase affected the induction of somatic embryo or embryo rescue in plants.However,the relation between the embryo development phase and the induction of embryogenic cultures(EMs)or embryo rescue in mango is not very clear up to now.Immature embryos at different developmental stages were used to survey the effects of the developmental stages of emboyos on the efficiency of induction and survival rate of the embryos.【Methods】The embryos of‘Renong 1’mango from 10 days to 60 days after pollination(DAP)were used to determine the the embryo development phase according to microscopic and cytological observation.Embryos from 25 DAP to 60 DAP were cultured on PM0-PM7 medium containing different concentrations of auxin analog(i.e.,2,4-D)and cytokinin analogs(i.e.,KT and ZT),and the effect of the embryo development phase and plant growth regulators on the induction of Ems,somatic embryo and zygotic embryo germination were compared.【Results】Stereoscopic and cytological observations showed that globular embryos were found on 25 DAP,heart stage on 30 DAP,torpedo embryos on 35 DAP,and embryos were at the cotyledon-stage from 40 DAP.The immature embryos collected at seven developmental stages(globular embryo,heart embryo,torpedo embryo,early cotyledon embryo,cotyledon embryo 1,cotyledon embryo 2,cotyledon embryo 3)were cultured on eight embryogenic culture initiation media PM0-PM7.The

关 键 词：杧果 体细胞胚 胚抢救 胚发育时期 细胞学观察 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]