重庆市合川区65岁及以上农村人群年龄相关性白内障患病率和手术覆盖率的调查  

Analysis of cataract prevalence and operation status in rural area people aged over 65 years old in the hechuan of chongqing

作　　者：程武波[1] 朱旭果 吴桂花[1] 刘雪莲[1] 张燕[1] 宋秋平[1] Cheng Wubo;Zhu Xuguo;Wu Guihua(The Hechuan District People's Hospital of Chongqing City,Chongqing 401520)

机构地区：[1]重庆市合川区人民医院

出　　处：《基层医学论坛》2020年第1期20-22,共3页The Medical Forum

基　　金：重庆市卫生局科研课题计划项目(2016MSXM166)

摘　　要：目的调查重庆市合川区65岁及以上农村人群年龄相关性白内障患病率和手术覆盖率情况,为防盲工作提供政策依据。方法2017年1月—12月随机抽取20个抽样单位>65岁人群3122名进行调查,采用统一眼科检查和问卷表,检查包括视力表检查、裂隙灯检查、非接触眼压测量、直接检眼镜眼底检查、前置镜检查和问卷知晓接受白内障手术时间、手术方式、术后并发症等情况。结果重庆市合川区65岁及以上农村人群年龄相关性白内障患病率为63.61%,其患病率随年龄增长明显上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。白内障手术覆盖率为60.97%,70岁~79岁人群和80岁~89岁人群,80岁~89岁人群和90岁以上人群相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论白内障仍是一个严重的公共卫生问题,需要加强对白内障患者的健康教育,尤其是高龄患者的白内障知识宣传。应提高基层眼科的设备、技术、人力水平,促进白内障复明手术向屈光手术转变,提高手术数量质量,进一步提升防盲治盲工作质量。Objective To investigate the prevalence and surgical coverage of age-related cataract in rural population aged 65 and over in Hechuan District of Chongqing,and to provide policy basis for the prevention of blindness in our district.Methods 3122 people aged over 65 years old were randomly selected from 20 sampling units from January to December 2017 for investigation.Unified ophthalmological examination and questionnaire were used.Examinations included visual acuity chart,slit lamp examination,non-contact intraocular pressure measurement,direct ophthalmoscopy fundus examination,pre-glasses examination and questionnaire to know the time of cataract surgery,operative methods,complications and so on.Results The prevalence of age-related cataract was 63.61%in rural population aged 65 years and over in Hechuan District of Chongqing.The prevalence of age-related cataract increased significantly with the increase of age,and the difference was statistically significant.The coverage rate of cataract surgery was 60.97%.There were significant differences between 70~79 years old and 80~89 years old,between 80~89 years old and over 90 years old(P<0.05).Conclusion Cataract is still a serious social and public health problem.It is still necessary to strengthen health education for cataract patients,especially for the elderly patients.Improve the basic level of Ophthalmology equipment,technology and manpower,promote the conversion of cataract surgery to refractive surgery,improve the quantity and quality of surgery,so as to make the prevention and treatment of blindness to a new level.

关 键 词：农村人群 白内障 年龄相关性 患病率 手术覆盖率 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]