《兰州市公共场所控制吸烟条例》实施效果分析  

Analysis on the implementation effect of the regulations on smoking control in public places of Lanzhou

作　　者：万丽萍[1] 王宇红[1] 井光壮 白清丽 刘璐 王新生 肖芳[1] WAN Li-ping;WANG Yu-hong;JING Guang-zhuang;BAI Qing-li;LIU Lu;WANG Xin-sheng;XIAO Fang(Lanzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Gansu 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省兰州市疾病预防控制中心,730030 [2]兰州大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2019年第5期237-239,共3页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国际防痨和肺部疾病联合会彭博减少烟草使用倡议行动项目(编号:CHINA-23-04)

摘　　要：目的比较《兰州市公共场所控制吸烟条例》(以下简称《条例》)实施前后(2014年、2016年和2018年)公共场所的吸烟行为及相关控烟措施的实施情况。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,在兰州市三县五区抽取部分场所利用《控烟法律实施情况调查问卷》进行暗访调查。结果与2014年相比,2016年全市公共场所禁烟标识张贴率和规范率分别上升5.13和12.28个百分点,公共场所发现违规吸烟现象的比例和观察到烟蒂烟味的比例分别下降1.94和5.72个百分点;与2016年相比,2018年公共场所总体禁烟标识张贴率和规范率分别上升9.54和24.59个百分点,烟具设置率、公共场所发现违规吸烟现象的比例和观察到有烟蒂烟味的比例均显著下降。网吧违规吸烟现象比例较高,但呈下降趋势。结论《条例》的颁布实施对兰州市控烟工作发挥了积极的作用,公共场所控烟效果取得了积极成效。未来兰州市控烟工作重点和难点是餐饮、娱乐场所、网吧,建议相关执法部门能够加大培训和执法力度。Objective To compare the smoking behavior and related tobacco control measures before and after the implementation of Lanzhou Public Places Tobacco Control Regulations(hereinafter referred to as "Regulations")(2014, 2016 and 2018).Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to investigate the tobacco control law implementation in some places in three counties and five districts of Lanzhou.Results The overall rate of posting and standardization of smoking-ban signs in public places in Lanzhou increased by 5.13 and 12.28 percentage points respectively in 2016 compared with those in 2014. The proportion of smoking violation and smoking odor or cigarette butts observed in public places decreased by 1.94 and 5.72 percentage points, respectively. Compared with 2016, the overall rate of posting and standardization of smoking-ban signs in public places increased by 9.54 and 24.59 percentage points respectively in 2018. The rate of smoking fixtures, the rate of discovering illegal smoking in public places and the rate of observing cigarette butts or smoking odor decreased significantly. A higher proportion of illegal smoking was found in internet cafes have, while it showed a downward trend.Conclusions The promulgation and implementation of the Regulations has played a positive role in the tobacco control in Lanzhou, and the effect of tobacco control in public places has achieved positive result. In future, the focus and difficulty of smoking control work in Lanzhou are those in catering, entertainment places and Internet cafes. It is suggested that relevant law enforcement departments should increase training and enforcement efforts.

关 键 词：公共场所 控烟 条例 

分 类 号：R163.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]