离子液体在天然活性成分分离中的应用研究进展  

Research Progress in Application of Ionic Liquid in Extraction and Separation of Natural Products

作　　者：刘磊磊[1] 王艺聪 LIU Leilei;WANG Yicong(Key Laboratory of Hunan Forest Products and Chemical Industry Engineering,Jishou University,Zhangjiajie 427000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学林产化工工程湖南省重点实验室

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2019年第6期1-12,共12页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21864012);林产化工实验室开放课题资助项目(JDZ201801);杜仲综合利用实验室开放课题资助项目(DZL201801)

摘　　要：离子液体是由阴、阳离子组成的低温熔融盐,几乎没有蒸汽压,稳定性好,溶解能力强,结构可设计,优点突出,被认为是可替代传统溶剂的新型"绿色溶剂",在天然产物的提取分离研究中应用广泛。本文从离子液体联用超声波、微波、双水相萃取、酶法辅助与固相萃取等方面,综述了近年来离子液体在黄酮、萜类、生物碱、色素等天然成分提取分离中的应用情况,介绍了离子液体与其它技术联用的性质和分离机制,探讨了离子液体选择性差、黏度高、回收难及流失严重等问题,并提出了相应的解决思路,以期为离子液体在天然活性成分分离方面的应用提供借鉴和参考。Ionic liquid is a low-temperature molten salt composed of anion and cation. It has almost no vapor pressure, good chemical stability, strong solubility, designable structure and outstanding advantages. It is considered as a new type of "green solvent" that can replace traditional solvent. Ionic liquid has been extensively applied in the separation and purification of natural products. In this paper, the application progress of ionic liquids in the separation of flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, pigments and other natural products were reviewed from the aspects of ionic liquids combined with ultrasonic and microwave technology, aqueous two-phase extraction, enzymatic assisted and solid-phase extraction in recent years. The properties and separation mechanism of ionic liquids combined with other technologies were introduced. The problems such as high viscosity, difficult recovery and serious loss, would be discussed, and the corresponding solutions would be put forward to provide reference for the application of ionic liquids in the separation of natural components.

关 键 词：离子液体 天然产物 超声波辅助萃取 微波辅助萃取 离子液体双水相萃取 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程] TQ91