长三角地区冬季发酵床饲养与栓系式饲养奶牛泌乳性能和舒适度研究  

Research on Milk Performance and Comfort Degree of Dairy Cows between Fermentation-Bed and Tethered Cowsheds in Winter

作　　者：张振斌[1] 王珊[1] 顾亚兰 甄永康 李佩真 毛永江[1] 王梦芝[1] 贡玉清 ZHANG Zhenbin;WANG Shan;GU Yalan;ZHEN Yongkang;LI Peizhen;MAO Yongjiang;WANG Mengzhi;GONG Yuqing(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Jiangsu Yangzhou 225009,China;Jiangsu Provincial Animal Husbandry Station,Jiangsu Nanjing 210036,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏省畜牧总站,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2019年第11期155-159,共5页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：2018年国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0502100）;江苏现代农业产业技术体系环境控制创新团队建设项目（JATS[2018]224）;长三角地区生态优质高效乳业创新体系研究CX(17)1005

摘　　要：本试验旨在比较长三角地区冬季发酵床与栓系式饲养奶牛泌乳、健康性能和舒适度等差异。于2018年1月21—27日在长三角地区某规模化奶牛场选择发酵床牛舍与栓系式牛舍的健康的4岁、2胎次、泌乳天数150 d左右荷斯坦奶牛各10头,检测泌乳性能、血液生化指标、舒适度。结果表明:发酵床与栓系式饲养奶牛的产奶量、乳品质、血常规指标无显著差异;在血液生化指标上,发酵床饲养奶牛胆碱酯酶和总胆固醇含量极显著低于栓系饲养奶牛;在舒适度指标上,发酵床饲养奶牛卧床躺卧率(75.05%)显著高于栓系式饲养奶牛(64.74%),其牛舍相对湿度(70.63%)也显著高于栓系式牛舍(61.58%),但卧床站立率(7.89%)极显著低于栓系式饲养奶牛(35.26%)。综上,长三角地区冬季发酵床饲养奶牛能在保持泌乳性能的基础上,在一定程度上提高奶牛的躺卧舒适度。This experiment was designed to compare the differences in lactation,health performance and comfort between fermented and tethered dairy cows in winter.From January 21st to 27th,2018,in the large-scale dairy farm in the Yangtze River Delta,10 healthy 4-year old Holstein cows(2 births,lactation days about 150 days)were selected from the fermented bed and the tethered barn respectively,to test their lactation performance,blood biochemical indicators,and comfort degree.The results showed that there was no significant difference in milk yield,milk quality and blood routine indexes between the fermented bed and the tethered dairy cows.However,among blood biochemical index,the cholinesterase activity and total cholesterol content of the fermentation-bed cows were significantly lower than those of tethered cows(P<0.01).As for the comfort index,the bed lying rate of the cows in the fermentation bed(75.05%)was significantly higher than that of the tethered cows(64.74%)(P<0.05).The relative humidity of the barn(70.63%)was also significantly higher than that of the tethered barn(61.58%)(P<0.05),but the bed standing rate(7.89%)was significantly lower than that of tethered cows(35.26%)(P<0.01).In summary,cows raised in winter fermenting beds in the Yangtze River Delta region can improve the lying comfort of dairy cows to a certain extent on the basis of maintaining lactation performance.

关 键 词：发酵床 荷斯坦奶牛 泌乳性能 舒适度 

分 类 号：S823.4[农业科学—畜牧学]