延怀盆地葡萄种植区不同土地利用方式表土风蚀特征分析  

Wind Erosion Characteristics of Surface Soil Under Different Land Uses in Grape Planting Area of Yanhuai Basin

作　　者：李晓娜[1] 宋进库 张微微[1] 赵春桥[1] 王超 史瑞双 薛瑞彬 樊冉冉 LI Xiaona;SONG Jinku;ZHANG Weiwei;ZHAO Chunqiao;WANG Chao;SHI Ruishuang;XUE Ruibin;FAN Ranran(Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing Research&Development Centre for Grass and Environment,Beijing 100097;Huailai Agricultural and Pastoral Bureau,Huailai,Hebei 075400)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院北京草业与环境研究发展中心,北京100097 [2]河北省怀来县农牧局,河北怀来075400

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2019年第6期86-91,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20180405,KJCX20180707)

摘　　要：研究延怀盆地葡萄种植区不同土地利用方式下土壤风蚀特征,可为区域土地利用布局调整、生态环境建设提供数据支撑。以怀来县为研究对象,采用野外调查和室内分析相结合的方法,分析了葡萄、果桑、欧李、玉米留茬免耕、玉米翻耕5种土地利用方式的2018年11月—2019年3月土壤含水量、粒径及风蚀量月变化特征。结果表明:(1)未出现降水事件之前,5种土地利用方式土壤含水量均呈现随时间增加而下降的趋势,3种林果用地中土壤水分下降幅度表现为葡萄>欧李>果桑。(2)研究区5种土地利用方式表层土壤粒度主要为砂砾,含量达47%~63%。0.05~0.002 mm的粉粒是该区域风蚀过程中损失的主要颗粒。(3)5种土地利用方式中地表风蚀量表现为玉米翻耕地>葡萄>玉米留茬免耕>欧李>果桑。在该区域土壤风蚀防治过程中可以通过在小尺度上合理调整果桑等林果用地与葡萄、粮食用地土地利用布局的方式,达到降低近地表风速、拦截风沙、降低风蚀的作用。The study of the soil wind erosion characteristics under different land use types could provide data support for the adjustment of regional land layout and the construction of ecological environment in grape planting area of Yanhuai Basin. In this paper, five land use types (grape, fruit mulberry, Cerasus humills (Bge.) Sok., no-tillage with maize stubble, tillage with maize stubble) were selected, and soil water content, soil wind erosion amount, and soil particle size were analyzed from November 2018 to March 2019 in Huailai county. The results showed that the soil water content of the five land use types decreased with the increase of time before the precipitation event, and the soil water content of the three fruit land use types decreased in the order of grape>C.humills (Bge.) Sok.>fruit mulberry. The surface soil particle size of the five land use types was mainly gravel in this study area (the content of gravel was 47%~63%). It was the major particle that lose during wind erosion when the soil particle size was 0.05~0.002 mm. The soil wind erosion amount of the five land use types decreased in order of tillage with maize stubble>grape>no-tillage with maize stubble>C. humills (Bge.) Sok.>fruit mulberry. In the process of prevention and control of soil wind erosion in this region, it is applicable to reduce near-surface wind speed, intercept wind sand, and reduce wind erosion by adjusting the layout of fruit land (for example fruit mulberry) and grape, corn land.

关 键 词：土地利用 风蚀 土壤粒径 土壤水分 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]