W波段带状注扩展互作用速调管放大器的理论研究与数值模拟  

Theoretical analysis and simulation of W-band sheet beam extended interaction klystron amplifier

作　　者：曾造金 马乔生[1] 胡林林[1] 蒋艺[1] 胡鹏[1] 雷文强[1] 马国武[1] 陈洪斌[1] Zeng Zao-Jin;Ma Qiao-Sheng;Hu Lin-Lin;Jiang Yi;Hu Peng;Lei Wen-Qiang;Ma Guo-Wu;Chen Hong-Bin(Institute of Applied Electronics,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所

出　　处：《物理学报》2019年第24期329-346,共18页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2018YFC0115001)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：带状注扩展互作用速调管具有高峰值功率和高平均功率的特点,是一种具有广泛应用前景的电真空器件.基于电子流振荡理论,在小信号条件下推导了纵向模式为2π模的三间隙谐振腔的电子负载电导和电子负载电纳的表达式,分析了等离子体频率、间隙宽度和相邻间隙中心之间的距离等参数对电子负载电导和电子负载电纳的影响.根据理论分析结果,结合三维电磁仿真软件完成了一款工作于W波段的带状注扩展互作用速调管放大器的模拟设计.电子注横截面尺寸为4 mm×0.32 mm时,在工作电压为19.5 k V,电流为3.5 A,输入功率为1 W,轴向引导磁场为0.85 T的条件下,频率94.47 GHz处得到输出功率为5773 W,增益为37.6 d B,电子效率为8.46%,3 d B带宽约140 MHz.The sheet beam extended interaction klystron is an important kind of millimeter-wave and sub-millimeterwave vacuum electron device,which has extensive applications such as in high resolution radar,imaging system,satellite communication and precision guided missiles.Compared with conventional pencil beam klystron,the sheet beam extended interaction klystron,in which a thin rectangular sheet beam is used,can generate higher power by obtaining higher current and reducing space-charge-effect of electron beam.Kinematical theory and space charge wave theory are extensively used to analyze the bunching process of electrons.Kinematical theory is precise when electron beam is especially small because the influence of space charge effect is ignored,while space charge wave theory is accurate when the modulation of electron beam is small since it is based on the premise of small amplitude.Electron flow oscillatory theory is a compromise between kinematical theory and space charge wave theory,which adapts to the bigger modulation of electron beam than space charge wave theory,while it is inaccurate in the case of big bunching parameter.Based on electron flow oscillatory theory under the small signal condition,the influence of electron beam on standing wave electric field of 2π mode in a three-gap cavity is analyzed,and the expressions of beam loading conductance and beam loading susceptance in a three-gap cavity are obtained.The influences of plasma frequency,transit angle of single gap and transit angle of drift on the interaction of beam and wave in a three-gap cavity are discussed.The results show that spacecharge-effect of beam is unbeneficial to the interaction between beam and wave,otherwise beam loading conductance and beam loading susceptance fluctuate with the increasing of transit angle of single gap and transit angle of drift.A W-band sheet beam extended interaction klystron is designed by theoretical analysis and 3 D PIC software.The output power of 5773 W at 94.47 GHz is obtained with an efficiency of 8.46%,a ga

关 键 词：W波段 带状注扩展互作用速调管 电子流振荡理论 注波互作用 

分 类 号：TN9[电子电信—信息与通信工程]