掌叶半夏茎基腐病病原鉴定及其防治药剂筛选  

Pathogen Identification and Fungicide Screening of Stem Base Rot Disease on Pinellia pedatisecta

作　　者：韩兴[1,2] 何运转 康占海[1] 王高杨[1] 王冰 李亚宁 刘大群[1,2] Han Xing;He Yunzhuan;Kang Zhanhai;Wang Gaoyang;Wang Bing;Li Yaning;Liu Daqun(College of Plant Protection,Agricultural Un iversity of Hebei/Biological Control Center of Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of Hebei Province/National En gineeri ng Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China;Graduate School,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院/河北省农作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心/国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,河北保定071001 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《作物杂志》2019年第6期177-181,F0004,共6页Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0200900）;河北省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（HBCT2018060204）;河北省科技计划项目（15227530）

摘　　要：茎基腐病是河北省安国市掌叶半夏(Pinellia pedstisecti)生产中为害较严重的多发性病害,对该病害的病原菌进行了分离、鉴定、致病性测定和防治药剂的筛选。通过形态鉴定和rDNA-ITS序列分析,将安国掌叶半夏茎基腐病的病原菌鉴定为瓜果腐霉(Pythium aphanidermatum)。选用5种常用化学杀菌剂、2种生物杀菌剂和玫瑰黄链霉菌Men-myco-93-63抗生素粗提物对aphanidermatum进行室内毒力测定,结果表明:35%精甲霜灵ES、玫瑰黄链霉菌Men-myco-93-63抗生素粗提物、40%氟硅哇EC、99%恶霉灵TC对瓜果腐霉菌丝的生长具有较明显的抑制作用,EC50分别为12.81、41.74、54.16和56.90μg/mL;而1×10^11芽抱/g枯草芽胞杆菌WP、l×10^6胞子/g寡雄腐霉菌WP、3%甲霜·恶霉灵AS和50%烯酰吗咻WP对该病菌的抑制效果不明显。Stem base rot is a serious disease with high incidence rate on the production of Pineilia pedatisecta in Anguo city,Hebei Province.Isolation,identification,pathogenicity and screening of its fungicides were carried out in our study.The pathogen was identified as Pythium aphanidermatum through measuring morphological characteristics and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis.Toxicity of five common chemical fungicides,two biological fungicides and crude antibiotic extracts of Streptomyces roseoflavus Men-myco-93-63 to Py.aphanidermatum was determined in laboratory.The results showed that 35%metalaxyl-M ES,crude antibiotic extracts of S.roseoflavus Men-myco-93-63,40%flusilazole EC,and 99%hymexazol TC had certain inhibition with EC50 of 12.81,41.74,54.16,and 56.90μg/mL respectively.While the inhibitory effects of 1×10^11 spores per gram Bacillus subtilis WP,l×10^6 spores per gram Py·oligandrum WP,3%metalaxyl-hymexazol AS and 50%dimethomorph WP were not obvious.

关 键 词：掌叶半夏 茎基腐病 RDNA-ITS 瓜果腐霉 毒力测定 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]