城际列车晃车机理试验研究  

Test and Analysis of Car-body Swing Mechanism of Intercity Trains

作　　者：厉鑫波 周劲松 夏张辉 吴尚 LI Xinbo;ZHOU Jinsong;XIA Zhanghui;WU Shang(Institute of Railway and Urban Rail Transit,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2019年第6期122-126,共5页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2015BAG19B02)

摘　　要：针对某在线运营的城际列车的晃车现象,实测整车不同位置处的振动信号,对比分析在晃车与非晃车时间段内车辆的运行平稳性、时频特征以及车辆不同部位的信号相干特征,据此初步了解车辆在晃车时的典型特征;进而基于ODS分析理论,掌握车辆晃动时的整体振动情况,并基于构架稳定性分析结果,发现并验证城际列车晃车的机理。结果表明,发生晃车时,车辆横向平稳性指标大于2.5,晃车主频在4Hz左右,相干性分析表明车体晃动与转向架振动有直接关系;基于ODS分析结果发现晃车时转向架蛇行与车体摇头反相耦合,此时转向架的蛇行稳定性不足,该蛇行频率与基于实测轮轨匹配等效锥度所得的理论计算频率基本一致,因此车辆系统稳定性裕量不足,转向架在较高运行速度工况下接近蛇行失稳状态是晃车的主要原因。The car-body swing of an online operation intercity train is studied.The vibration signals of different positions of the intercity train are measured.The sperling index,the time-frequency signals and the coherence of the vibration signals at different positions in the swing and non-swing periods of the car-body are analyzed and compared.On this basis,the car-body swing characteristics are extracted.Based on ODS analysis theory,the overall vibration of the intercity train is monitored.According to the results of the stability calculation of the bogie,the mechanism of car body swing is found and verified.The results show that when the intercity train is swinging,its lateral sperling index is greater than 2.5,and its main frequency of the swing is about 4 Hz.The coherence analysis proves that the car-body swing is directly related to the vibration of the bogie.Based on the ODS analysis,it is found that the car-body swing is characterized by the reverse coupling of the bogie hunting and the car-body shaking.At this time,the bogie stability is insufficient.The hunting frequency is basically consistent with the theoretical calculation frequency based on the measured equivalent conicity of the wheel-rail matching.The stability of the intercity train system is insufficient,and bogie is close to the instability state at a higher running speed,which is the main reason for car-body swing.

关 键 词：振动与波 晃车 平稳性 相干性 ODS分析 稳定性 等效锥度 

分 类 号：U260.14[机械工程—车辆工程]