个体差异对西沙群岛海域鸢乌贼角质颚外部形态变化的影响  

Effects of difference of individual size on beak morphology of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in the Xisha Islands of South China Sea

作　　者：陈子越 陆化杰[1,2,3,4,5] 童玉和 刘维 张旭 陈新军[1,2,3,4,5] CHEN Ziyue;LU Huajie;TONG Yuhe;LIU Wei;ZHANG Xu;CHEN Xinjun(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Shanghai Ocean University,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration,Shanghai Ocean University,Ministry of Agricultrue and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishiery Resources,Shanghai Ocean University,Ministry of Argriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Science,Haikou 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学,农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306 [5]上海海洋大学,农业农村部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海201306 [6]海南省海洋与渔业科学研究院,海南海口570100

出　　处：《水产学报》2019年第12期2501-2510,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41506184);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD13B06);海南省省属科研院所技术开发研究专项(TV45987);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403008)~~

摘　　要：角质颚结构稳定、信息量大,是研究头足类渔业生物学的重要材料。根据2017年 5 8月我国灯光罩网渔船在中国南海西沙群岛海域采集的860尾鸢乌贼样本,研究了个 体差异对鸢乌贼角质颚外部形态变化的影响。结果显示,上头盖长(UHL)、上脊突长 (UCL)、上喙宽(URW)、上侧壁长(ULWL)、下头盖长(LHL)、下脊突长(LCL)、下喙长 (LRL)和下侧壁长(LLWL)可作为外形特征因子描述鸢乌贼角质颚的外形变化。方差分析 (ANOVA)和最小显著性差异法(LSD)结果显示,主要外形特征因子在不同性别、不同胴 长组和不同性成熟度间均存在显著性差异,但主要外形特征因子与脊突长(CL)的比值基 本稳定。研究表明,在个体生长过程中,角质颚各区的比例基本稳定,胴长121~150 mm 和性腺成熟度Ⅲ期可能是鸢乌贼角质颚外形生长的拐点。Beak is an important hard tissue of Cephalopoda which is usually used in the study of fisheries biology such as population identification, growth and stock assessment and so on. Based on the 860 samples of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis collected by light falling-net fishery during May to August in the year of 2017 in the Xisha Islands waters of the South China Sea, the morphologic growth of beak impacted by gonad maturity and individual size was analyzed. The result of principal component analysis of twelve morphologic indices indicated that the upper hood length (UHL), upper crest length (UCL), upper rostrum width (URW), upper lateral wall length (ULWL), lower hood length (LHL), lower crest length (LCL),lower rostrum length (LRL) and the lower lateral wall length (LLWL) could be used to describe the length growth features of beak, and the HL/CL, URW/UCL, LRL/LCL, LWL/CL and WL/CL could be used as the indicators of entire growth of beak. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the least-significant difference (LSD) indicated that there were significant differences in the morphologic growth between sexes, gonad maturity and different mantle length, however, the values of HL/CL, URW/UCL, LRL/LCL, LWL/CL and WL/CL were nearly constant with the change of sex, gonad maturity and mantle length. This study suggested that there are significant effects of gonad maturity and individual size on beak morphology and the mantle length of 121mm to 150 mm, and the gonad maturity of Ⅲ stage seemed to be the inflection points of the morphologic growth of beak of S. oualaniensis.

关 键 词：鸢乌贼 角质颚 个体差异 外形变化 中国南海 西沙群岛海域 

分 类 号：Q13[生物学—普通生物学] S965.3[农业科学—水产养殖]