珠江三角洲平原不同母质土壤磷形态分布及其有效性  

Phosphorus Fractions Distribution and Its Availability in Soils Derived from Different Parent Materials in the Pearl River Delta Plain

作　　者：唐贤 黄伟濠 卢瑛[1] 刘红宜[1] 贾重建 王超 TANG Xian;HUANG Wei-hao;LU Ying;LIU Hong-yi;JIA Chong-jian;WANG Chao(College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China A gricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P.R.China/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Land Use and Consolidation,Guangzhou,510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院农业农村部华南耕地保育重点实验室广东省土地利用与整治重点实验室

出　　处：《土壤通报》2019年第4期861-869,共9页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271233);国家科技基础性工作专项重点项目(2008FY110600;2014FY110200)资助

摘　　要：选取珠江三角洲平原滨海沉积物、三角洲沉积物和河流冲积物发育的不同种植年限的农田,挖掘土壤剖面,采集不同深度土壤样品,采用Tiessen et al连续提取方法测定土壤不同形态磷含量,探讨成土母质对土壤磷形态分布及有效性的影响。结果表明:3种母质土壤磷形态均以无机磷为主,其中河流冲积物土壤无机磷最高(91.8%);无机磷以浓HC1提取态最高(21.9%~34.9%),有机磷以NaOH提取态最高(3.5%~7.9%)0随着种植年限的增加,3种母质土壤中稀HC1提取态无机磷、浓HC1提取态有机磷占全磷比例和磷活化系数均呈下降趋势,残留态P占全磷比例呈上升趋势;3种母质土壤中NaHCO“NaOH提取态磷占全磷比例和土壤磷活化系数在土壤表层较高,而稀HC1提取态无机磷和残留态P占全磷比例在土壤剖面底层较高。通径分析表明,NaHCO3提取态无机磷对土壤磷活化系数影响最大。不同母质土壤剖面磷形态具有分异规律,长期种植降低了土壤磷的有效性。The cultivated soils derived from delta,fluvial and marine deposits with different cultivation ages in the Pearl River Delta plain were selected,and the soil samples in different genetic horizons of soil profiles were collected.Soil phosphorus(P)fractions were determined by using Tiessen sequential P extraction method,and the effects of parent materials and cultivation ages on fraction and availability of soil P were discussed.The results showed that inorganic P in soils derived from 3 parent materials was the dominated soil P fraction,concentrated HC1—extractable inorganic P(Cone.HCl-Pi)(21.9%一34.9%)was the highest inorganic P fraction,and NaOH extractable-organic P(NaOH-Po)(3.5%一7.9%)was the highest organic P fraction.With the increase of cultivation ages,the proportions of diluted HCl-extractable inorganic P(Dil.HCl-Pi)and Cone.HCl-Po in total P and P activation coefficient(PAC)decreased,the proportion of residual P in TP increased.Among the soils derived from 3 parent materials,the proportions of NaHCO3-extractable organic P(NaHCO^-Po)and inorganic P(NaHC03-Pi),NaOH-Po and NaOH-Pi in TP and PAC were higher in the topsoil,the proportions of Dil.HCl-Pi and residual P in TP were higher in the deeper soil layers.Path analysis showed that NaHCOs-Pi had the greatest influence on soil PAC.Long-term anthropogenic cultivation modified P fraction distribution in soil profile and decreased soil P availability.

关 键 词：磷形态 磷活化系数 成土母质 种植年限 珠江三角洲平原 

分 类 号：S151+.24[农业科学—土壤学]