高气压环境真空开关分闸速度对波纹管疲劳寿命影响  

Influence of Opening Velocities of a Vacuum Switch on Fatigue Life of Bellows Under High Gas Pressure Circumstance

作　　者：宁占虎 姚晓飞[2] 刘学 洪礼鑫 翟小社[2] NING Zhanhu;YAO Xiaofei;LIU Xue;HONG Lixin;ZHAI Xiaoshe(Gansu Electrical Appliance Research Institute,Gansu Tianshui 741000,China;Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃电器科学研究院,甘肃天水741000 [2]西安交通大学,西安710049

出　　处：《高压电器》2019年第12期46-53,共8页High Voltage Apparatus

摘　　要：当气体绝缘金属封闭组合开关(GIS)应用真空开关作为开断元件时,真空灭弧室波纹管在高气压差环境下,承受开关高合分闸速度作用,其机械可靠性将成为影响GIS机械可靠性关键因素。然而,目前真空开关合分闸速度对波纹管疲劳寿命的影响研究尚属空白。文中旨在研究高气压环境下真空开关分闸速度对波纹管疲劳寿命的影响。以40.5 kV商用真空灭弧室波纹管作为研究对象,采用流固耦合方法,获得了波纹管在0.1~0.4 MPa气压差,以及1.0~4.0 m/s压缩速度条件下,波纹管的瞬态相对位移、瞬态等效应力分布,以及疲劳寿命,并进行了实验验证。结果显示:当波纹管分闸速度保持一定时,波纹管最大等效应力值随其内外压差的增大而提高;而当波纹管内部气压保持一定时,波纹管最大等效应力随压缩速度线性增加;波纹管压缩过程中应力波的传播与反射易造成波纹管局部应力的集中和阶跃式增大,其局部最大等效应力最大可增至1 500 MPa;高气压差条件下,波纹管压缩速度较高时,其机械寿命急剧降低,当压缩速度为4.0 m/s,气压差为0.4 MPa时,波纹管疲劳寿命仅为804次。When a vacuum switch is introduced into gas insulation metal-enclosed switchgears(GIS) the mechanical reliability of the GIS will be endangered as the bellows of a vacuum interrupter will be subject to a high difference of gas pressure and high opening and closing velocities.However there remains little understanding on an influence of opening and closing velocities on the fatigue life of the bellows of the vacuum interrupter.The objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of opening velocity on the fatigue life of the bellows of the vacuum circuit breaker under high gas pressure circumstance.A 40.5 kV commercial vacuum interrupter is used as an investigating object.A fluid-structure coupling method is adopted to determine the transient relative displacement distribution of transient von-Mises stress as well as the fatigue life of the bellow structure under cases of 0.1~0.4 MPa difference of gas pressure and 1.0~4.0 m/s opening velocities respectively.Results show that:the maximum von-Mises stress increases with the increasing of the difference of gas pressure under a certain opening velocity;the maximum von-Mises stress increases with the increasing of the opening velocity linearly under a certain difference of gas pressure.The local stress of the bellows is concentrated and stepped up resulting from the spreading and reflecting of the stress wave during the depressing of the bellows.The maximum local stress can increase up to 1 500 MPa.The fatigue life of the bellow suddenly decreases when a high opening velocity is encountered under a high difference of gas pressure case.The fatigue life of the bellow is only 804 when the opening velocity is 4.0 m/s and the difference of the gap pressure is 0.4 MPa.

关 键 词：波纹管 真空灭弧室 气压差 分闸速度 疲劳寿命 

分 类 号：TM5[电气工程—电器]