新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的产科相关因素分析  

Analysis of obstetric related factors of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

作　　者：赵新敏[1] ZHAO Xinmin(The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College,Nanyang 473000,China)

机构地区：[1]南阳医学高等专科学校第一附属医院

出　　处：《中国实用神经疾病杂志》2019年第20期2281-2285,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases

摘　　要：目的研究HIE的产科相关危险因素及相应预防措施。方法选取南阳医学高等专科学校2015-07-2016-09收治的HIE患儿66例为研究对象,统计分析产妇的胎盘异常情况、新生儿脐带情况(是否过长或过短)、异常分娩及产程异常情况。结果产妇分娩方式异常、胎儿宫内窘迫、胎盘功能异常、严重先天性心脏病及新生儿窒息等都是引发HIE的危险因素。根据新生儿5 min Apgar(阿普加)评分与HIE严重程度有直接关系,5 min Apgar评分越低代表新生儿脑部缺氧缺血情况越严重。过期产儿患缺氧缺血性脑病的几率高于足月与早产儿,差异明显具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论选择正确的分娩方式,重视高危产妇的常规护理及产前监护、及时处理宫内窘迫胎儿,以上做法均可以有效控制导致新生儿患缺氧缺血性脑病的危险因素,从根本上减少HIE的发病率。Objective To analyze and study the obstetric risk factors and preventive measures of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.Methods Sixty-six children with HIE treated in Nanyang Medical College 2015-07-2016-09 were selected as the research objects,and the placental abnormality of the mother,the condition of the newborn’s umbilical cord(whether it was too long or too short),abnormal delivery and abnormal labor Happening.Results Abnormal mode of delivery,fetal distress,placental dysfunction,severe congenital heart disease and neonatal asphyxia are the risk factors of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.According to Apgar(Apgar) score in 5 minutes of newborn,there is a direct relationship between Apgar score and the severity of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.The lower Apgar score in 5 minutes is,the more serious the hypoxic-ischemic situation of newborn brain.The incidence of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) was significantly higher than that of full-term infants(P<0.05).Conclusion Choosing the right way of delivery,paying attention to the routine nursing and prenatal care of high-risk pregnant women,and dealing with the fetal distress in time can effectively control the risk factors of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,and fundamentally reduce the incidence of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

关 键 词：新生儿 缺氧缺血性脑病 高危妊娠 产程异常 异常分娩 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]