覆膜种植对柠檬园蚂蚁群落的影响  

Effect of Plastic Film Mulching on the Ant Communities in Lemon Orchards

作　　者：杨建东[1] 郭莉娜 王自然[1] 郭俊[1] 李进学[1] 高俊燕[1] YANG Jiandong;GUO Lina;WANG Ziran;GUO Jun;LI Jinxue;GAO Junyan(Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ruili,Yunnan 678600,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2019年第12期2466-2473,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：云南省柠檬产业化技术创新团队(No.2017HC023);现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系柠檬综合试验站建设专项(No.CARS-27);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(No.201403036)

摘　　要：为探讨覆膜和常规种植对柠檬园蚂蚁群落的影响,采用陷阱法对3种类型柠檬园的地表和树冠层蚂蚁群落进行调查。结果表明,柠檬园Ⅰ采集地表蚂蚁6种35头,树冠层蚂蚁5种13头;柠檬园Ⅱ采集地表蚂蚁7种253头,树冠层蚂蚁7种67头;柠檬园Ⅲ采集地表蚂蚁7种159头,树冠层蚂蚁6种99头。3种类型柠檬园地表蚂蚁群落的物种丰富度和相对多度差异不显著。3种类型柠檬园树冠层蚂蚁的物种丰富度和相对多度差异显著,柠檬园Ⅲ树冠层蚂蚁的物种丰富度和相对多度显著高于柠檬园Ⅰ。柠檬园Ⅰ地表层和树冠层蚂蚁群落结构与柠檬园Ⅱ和Ⅲ不相似。柠檬园Ⅱ地表层中蚂蚁指示物种为东方小家蚁(Monomoriumorientale)和黑头酸臭蚁(Tapinomamelanocephalum),柠檬园Ⅲ地表层指示为横纹齿猛蚁(Odontoponeratransversa);柠檬园Ⅱ和Ⅲ树冠层蚂蚁指示物种分别为巴瑞弓背蚁(Camponotusparius)和黑头酸臭蚁。本研究结果表明覆膜种植对柠檬园蚂蚁群落有影响,但对柠檬园蚂蚁群落的影响具有一定的时间效应。In order to explore the effects of plastic film mulching and conventional planting patterns on the ant communities, the ground-dwelling and canopy foraging ant communities were conducted by traps in different lemon orchards. The results showed that 35 ground-dwelling ant individuals, representing 6 species, 13 canopy foraging ant individuals, representing 5 species in the lemon orchardⅠ;253 ground-dwelling ant individuals, representing 7 species, 67 canopy foraging ant individuals, representing 7 species in the lemon orchard Ⅱ;159 ground-dwelling ant individuals, representing 7 species, 99 canopy foraging ant individuals, representing 6 species in the lemon orchard Ⅲ. There were significant differences of canopy foraging ant species richness and relative abundance, the species richness and relative abundance of canopy foraging ants of lemon orchard Ⅲ were significantly higher than lemon orchardⅠ. Ant community structures of lemon orchardⅠwere dissimilar with those in lemon orchard Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Monomorium orientale and Tapinoma melanocephalum were the indicator species of ground-dwelling ant in the lemon orchard Ⅱ, Odontoponera transversa was the indicator species of ground-dwelling ant in the lemon orchard Ⅲ;the indicator species of canopy foraging ants were Camponotus parius and T. melanocephalum of lemon orchard Ⅱ and Ⅲ, respectively. The results suggested that the ant communities of lemon orchards were affected by plastic film mulching, and plastic film mulching had temporal effects on the ant communities in lemon orchards.

关 键 词：覆膜 蚂蚁群落 生态效应 柠檬园 

分 类 号：S666.5[农业科学—果树学] Q968.1[农业科学—园艺学]