基于预破碎的岩石切削试验及分析  

An Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on Rock Cutting Based on Pre-Breaking

作　　者：刘忠 侯辉辉 胡伟 Liu Zhong;Hou Huihui;Hu Wei(China University of Petroleum(Beijing)at Karamay;China University of Petroleum(Beijing)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区

出　　处：《石油机械》2019年第12期38-43,57,共7页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：2016年新疆自治区高层次人才引进工程(KL321703);中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区科研启动基金项目“页岩气储层破岩机理与PDC钻头优化设计”(RCYJ2016B-02-004)

摘　　要：针对混合布齿设计只能依靠工程经验的问题,采用试验与数值模拟相结合的方法研究了锥形齿与PDC齿同轨布齿时,不同锥形齿预破碎深度下PDC齿破岩力和破岩效率的变化规律,并比较了组合切削方式下切削岩石与单个PDC齿切削岩石时的破岩功耗,得到以下结论:锥形齿的预破碎可以有效降低后续PDC齿吃入和切削岩石的难度,减轻PDC齿受冲击的程度,从而延长PDC齿乃至整个钻头的使用寿命,提升钻头的整体性能;PDC齿切削锥形齿预破碎后的岩石时破岩效率有所提高,锥形齿的预破碎深度越深,提升效果越明显;锥形齿与PDC齿组合切削岩石比单个PDC齿切削岩石会增加少量的总能耗。研究结果可为混合布齿PDC钻头布齿设计提供参考。The design of the mixed-cutter placement can only rely on the engineering experience. The combination of experiment and numerical simulation is used to study the rock breaking force and rock breaking efficiency of the PDC cutter under different pre-breaking depth when the conical cutter and PDC cutter is placed at the same track. The rock breaking consumption of the composite cutting and the single PDC cutter cutting is compared. The following conclusions are obtained: The pre-breaking by the conical cutter can effectively lower the difficulty of the subsequent PDC cutter to eat and cut the rock, reduce the degree of impact of the PDC cutter, thereby prolonging the service life of the PDC cutter and even the entire drill bit, and improving the overall performance of the drill bit. The rock breaking efficiency of PDC cutter is improved when the rock is pre-broken by the conical cutter. Larger pre-breaking depth of the conical cutter leads to higher PDC cutter rock breaking efficiency. The combination of the conical cutter and the PDC cutter in rock breaking increases the total energy consumption by a small amount compared with the PDC cutter. The study results can provide references for the design of the hybrid cutter PDC bit.

关 键 词：PDC钻头 混合布齿 预破碎 破岩机理 机械比功 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]