土默川平原盐渍化土地不同利用方式的土壤质量评价  

Soil quality assessment of different land use on the saline soils in Tumochuan plain

作　　者：高娃[1,3] 景宇鹏 樊明寿[1] 郜翻身[3] 郑海春 陈玉海 GAO Wa;JING Yu-peng;FAN Ming-shou;GAO Fan-shen;ZHENG Hai-chun;CHEN Yu-hai(Inner Mongolia Agricultural Unversity,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010019;Institute of Resources Environment and Detection Technology,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010031;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Soil Fertilizer and Water Saving Agricultural Work Station,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010011)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古农牧业科学院资源环境与检测技术研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [3]内蒙古自治区土壤肥料和节水农业工作站,内蒙古呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2019年第6期22-31,共10页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(41501578);内蒙古耕地质量评价项目

摘　　要：为评价盐渍化土地经不同利用方式后对土壤质量的影响,以土默川平原盐渍化土壤为研究对象,针对区域内的5种土地利用方式(盐荒地、改良地、牧草地、农田地、林地),采用主成分分析法从32项土壤物理、化学、生物学指标中选取关键指标,计算土壤质量综合指数以评价土壤质量,为该地区建立可持续的土地利用模式和区域生态恢复提供理论依据。结果表明:不同土地利用方式下的土壤物理、化学、生物性状存在一定差异。总体来看,林地、牧草地、农田地和改良地均能有效降低土壤盐渍化程度,改善土壤物理性状,增加土壤养分和微生物数量;表征土默川平原土壤质量的关键指标包括2~5 mm团聚体的有机碳、全盐量、饱和含水量、细菌、铵态氮和氯离子,其权重分别为0.35、0.23、0.17、0.10、0.08和0.06;4个土壤质量指数的结果表明,农田地、林地和牧草地的土壤质量指数均高于盐荒地、改良地。In order to study and assess the effects of different utilization methods on soil quality of salinized land and provide theoretical basis for establishing sustainable land use pattern and regional ecological restoration in the research area,taking the saline soil of the Tumochuan plain as the research object,five land use types(salt wasteland,improved land,grassland,farmland,woodland)within the region are monitored,and principal component analysis is used to select key indicators from thirty-two soil quality factors,including physical,chemical,and biological indicators to establish the soil quality assessment index for the soil quality assessment.The results show that:(1)There are some differences in the physical,chemical,and microbial biomass properties among different land use types.In general,woodland,grassland,farmland and improved land can effectively reduce soil salinization degree and improve soil physical properties,and increase soil nutrients and microbial quantity.(2)Indexes for soil quality assessment of the Tumochuan plain include 2-5 mm aggregate organic carbon,total salinity,saturation moisture content,bacteria numbers,ammonium nitrogen and chloride ions,which weights were 0.35,0.23,0.17,0.10,0.08 and 0.06,respectively.(3)Soil quality assessment order:The results based on four soil quality indexes showed that the indexes of farmland,forestland and pastureland are higher than those of the salt wasteland and improved land.

关 键 词：土默川平原 土地利用方式 盐渍化土壤 土壤质量评价 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]