不等量翻压紫云英处理下黄泥田土壤磷组分的变化  

Changes in soil phosphorus contents induced by milk vetch green manure

作　　者：刘彩玲 王瑞 李昱[1] 王利民[1] 何春梅[1] LIU Cai-ling;WANG Rui;LI Yu;WANG Li-min;HE Chun-mei(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou Fujian 350013;Dangyang Bureau of Agriculture,Hubei Province,Dangyang Hubei 444100)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,福建福州350013 [2]湖北省当阳市农业局,湖北当阳444100

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2019年第6期44-48,70,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：福建省农业科学院青年人才创新基金(YC2018-4);福建省农业科学院对外合作项目(DEC201821215);福建省农业科学院生态农业创新团队(STIT2017-1-9)

摘　　要：黄泥田是我国南方主要的中低产水稻土类型之一,采用定位试验的方法,研究了单施化肥(NPK)、化肥+紫云英(12 000、24 000、36 000、48 000 kg·hm^-2)5个处理下土壤磷组分的变化。结果表明,与单施化肥相比,紫云英翻压与化肥配施的土壤有效磷增幅达10.23%~22.69%,全磷含量增加3.09%~13.31%,以化肥配施24 000 kg·hm^-2紫云英(NPK+MV2)增幅最为明显;其中,有机磷占总磷含量的36.52%~43.14%,无机磷占56.86%~63.48%;无机磷组分主要以Fe-P和O-P为主,不等量紫云英翻压与化肥配施土壤无机磷组分含量与NPK相比都有所增加,当翻压量小于NPK+MV2处理时,增加幅度均表现为显著水平,大于NPK+MV2处理时,则差异不显著;紫云英翻压与化肥配施处理水稻产量较NPK增产达12.51%~23.01%,以NPK+MV2处理增产最为明显,增产1 345.7 kg·hm^-2。表明在黄泥田中紫云英翻压配施化肥比单施化肥能提高土壤磷组分及其含量,水稻产量与土壤磷含量密切相关,以翻压紫云英24 000 kg·hm^-2与化肥配施为较适宜的施肥模式。Yellow-clayed paddy field is one of the soil types with medium or low crop yields.The changes in soil contents of phosphorus composition was studied by site-specific experiment,five treatments were set up:chemical fertilizer(NPK),chemical fertilizer plus four application rates of Astragalussinicus L.(12 000,24 000,36 000,48 000 kg·hm^-2).The results showed that the contents of available phosphorous(AP)and total phosphorous(TP)increased in fertilization plus Astragalussinicus L.treatment.Compared with NPK,the contents of AP and TP increased by 10.23% ~ 22.69% and 3.09% ~ 13.31% respectively,the highest growth rate was found in the treatment of chemical fertilizer plus 24 000 kg·hm^-2 Astragalussinicus L.(NPK+MV2).The proportions of organic and inorganic phosphorus were between 36.52% ~ 43.14% and 56.86% ~ 63.48%,respectively.Fe-P and O-P were the main compositions of inorganic phosphorus.By contrast with NPK,the contents of inorganic phosphorus increased,when the amount of Astragalussinicus L.was less than 24 000 kg·hm^-2,the increase was significant,however,when the amount was more than 24 000 kg·hm^-2,the difference was not significant.Contrasted on NPK,the rice yields increased by 12.51% ~ 23.01%,the treatment of NPK+MV2 was the most effective way to increase rice yields,with an increase of 1 345.7 kg·hm^-2.In conclusion,compared with only fertilization,fertilization plus Astragalussinicus L.could increase the contents of soil phosphorus,rice yields.24 000 kg·hm^-2 Astragalus sinicus L.with chemical fertilizer was the comparatively suitable applied in yellow paddy field.

关 键 词：黄泥田 紫云英 化肥 磷含量 磷组分 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]