不同间作年限的五指毛桃根际土壤及其根中、微量元素变化规律研究  

Study on dynamic change of medium and micro nutrients in rhizosphere soils and F. hirta roots in different intercropping year

作　　者：李娟[1] 周立军[1] LI Juan;ZHOU Li-jun(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Danzhou Investigation&Experiment Station of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Danzhou Hainan 571737)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所/农业农村部儋州热带作物科学观测试验站

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2019年第6期161-165,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(31301856);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(1630022017012);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-33)

摘　　要：了解不同间作年限对五指毛桃根际土壤及其根中、微量元素含量的影响,并评价了根际土壤中、微量元素丰缺状况,以期为五指毛桃间作施肥和采收提供技术支持。采用原子吸收分光光度法测定成龄胶园不同间作年限五指毛桃根际土壤及其根中、微量元素含量。研究结果表明:随着五指毛桃间作年限的增加,五指毛桃根际土壤交换性钙、有效锰、有效锌含量的平均值均呈现出先显著增加后显著降低的趋势;交换性镁呈现出先显著增加后缓慢增加,有效铁则呈先缓慢增加后显著增加的趋势;而有效铜呈现出先缓慢降低后显著降低的趋势。2年生根中钙、镁、锰含量,1、2年生根铁、铜含量和4年生根锌含量相对较高。研究结果揭示:在成龄胶园间作五指毛桃整个生育期内都应当适量施放钙、镁肥和适当喷施铜、锌等微量元素叶面肥。综合根的中、微量元素含量方面考虑,并结合生产年限与成本,在生产上采收2年生五指毛桃根性价比最高。该研究能为五指毛桃间作合理施肥和适时采收提供理论依据。The distribution characteristics and the content of calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg),iron(Fe),manganese(Mn),copper(Cu),and zinc(Zn) in rhizosphere soil and Wuzhimaotao(Ficus hirta Vahl.) roots of different intercropping year were investigated to provide technical support for fertilization and harvesting of intercropping F. hirta in mature rubber plantation. The dynamic change of exchangeable Ca and Mg,and available Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn in rhizosphere soil and Wuzhimaotao(Ficus hirta Vahl.) roots were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that average content of exchangeable Ca,available Mn and Zn in F. hirta rhizosphere soil increased significantly first and then decreased significantly,and exchangeable Mg first increased significantly and then increased slowly,and available Fe first increased slowly and then increased significantly,whereas the average content of available Cu first decreased slowly and then decreased significantly with the increase in intercropping years. The contents of Ca,Mg,Mn in the F. hirta roots of 2 years old,Fe and Cu content in the roots of 1 or 2 years old and Zn content in the roots of 4 years old were relatively high. The results indicated that intercropping F. hirta in mature rubber plantation appropriate amount of calcium fertilizer and magnesium fertilizer should be applied,and foliar fertilizer such as copper and zinc should be sprayed properly. Based on the content of medium and micro nutrients in F. hirta roots,intercropping years,and input costs,harvesting the F. hirta roots of 2 years old is the highest cost-effect. This study can provide theoretical basis for scientific fertilization and timely harvesting of F. hirta roots.

关 键 词：成龄胶园间作 中、微量元素含量 根际土壤 评价 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]