日粮精料水平对藏系绵羊春季生长性能、血清生化指标及养殖收益的影响  

Effects of Dietary Concentrate Levels on Growth Performance, Blood Metabolites and Economic Return in Tibetan Sheep during Spring Grazing Break

作　　者：徐田伟[1] 刘宏金[1,2] 胡林勇 赵娜[1] 耿远月[1,2] 徐世晓 XU Tianwei;LIU Hongjin;HU Linyong;ZHAO Na;GENG Yuanyue;XU Shixiao(Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁810008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2019年第12期1921-1926,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院“西部青年学者”B类项目(2017);中国科学院战略先导A类(XDA20050104、XDA23060603);2018年度青海三江源生态保护和建设二期工程科研和推广项目(2018-S-2);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0501905,2016YFC0501805);青海省科技支撑项目(2019-SF-149,2019-SF-153)~~

摘　　要：为揭示日粮精料水平对藏系绵羊春季生长性能、血清生化指标和养殖收益的影响,为高寒地区返青期休牧-舍饲技术的实施提供数据支持,选择40只体况相近的1岁藏系绵羊,体质量为(21.35±2.15)kg,随机分为5组,每组8只羊,分别饲喂精料水平为0、15%、30%、45%和60%的饲粮。试验正试期80 d,每天饲喂2次(8:00和17:00),藏系绵羊自由饮水和舔食营养舔砖。结果表明,在一定范围内(0~45%)提高日粮精料水平对舍饲藏系绵羊的增质量、增质量比例和饲草转化效率具有一定促进作用。在血清生化指标方面,与纯干燕麦草相比,饲喂45%和60%精料日粮显著提高藏系绵羊的血清总蛋白、血糖和谷草转氨酶的水平。在养殖收益方面,45%与60%精料日粮无显著差异,两者均显著高于燕麦纯干草和15%精料日粮。研究发现,采用15%精料日粮可以使藏系绵羊春季饲养达到收支平衡,采用45%精料日粮可以获得较好的养殖收益,牧民可以根据自身的生产目标选择合适的日粮精料水平。This study aimed to reveal the effects of dietary concentrate levels on growth performance, blood metabolites and economic return in Tibetan sheep, and to provide supports for livestock barn feeding during spring grazing break in Tibetan alpine area. 40 yearling Tibetan sheep(21.35±2.15 kg) with similar body conditions were randomly allocated to five treatments with eight replicates. Fed with C0, C15, C30, C45 and C60 diets, which contained 0, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60% concentrate feed, respectively. Diets, salt brick and clean water were available during a 80 day formal experiment. Results showed that increasing concentrate feed from 0 to 60% exerted a positive effect on body mass gain, gain rate and feed conversion efficiency. For blood metabolites, treatments C45 and C60 had higher total protein, glucose and aspartate aminotransferase than treatment C0. For economic return, no difference was detected in breeding profit and economic benefit between treatments C45 and C60, which were greater than treatments C0 and C15. These results indicated that feeding a diet containing 15% concentrate to Tibetan sheep barn could reach break-even point, while feeding a diet containing 45% concentrate to Tibetan sheep barn could obtain greater animal performance and economic return during spring grazing break in Tibetan alpine area.

关 键 词：藏系绵羊 生长性能 养殖收益 精料水平 春季休牧 

分 类 号：S815.3[农业科学—畜牧学]