肺炎患儿咽部吸出物检测及细菌耐药性探析  

Bacteria Detection in Sputum and Analysis of Bacterial Resistance in Childhood Pneumonia

作　　者：吴雅云[1] 张伟[1] 陈胜利[1] 谢玲 WU Ya-yun;ZHANG Wei;CHEN Sheng-li;XIE Ling(Ezhou Central Hospital,Ezhou Hubei 436009,China)

机构地区：[1]鄂州市中心医院

出　　处：《药品评价》2019年第16期68-69,共2页Drug Evaluation

摘　　要：目的:探究肺炎患儿咽部吸出物检测及细菌耐药性。方法:选取2015年12月至2018年12月间我院收治肺炎小儿1000例进行实验研究,全部患儿均采用无菌负压吸引法收集患儿新鲜痰液,并进行细菌培养,细菌检测方法为细菌用纸片扩散法,简称为(K-B法)以及肉汤稀释法,对患儿的耐药性进行有效分析,为患儿的临床用药提供依据。结果:1000份痰液标本中,阳性率为71.60%;革兰阳性均为368株,占比为51.11%;革兰阴性菌为352株,占比为48.89%;肺炎链球菌对左氧氟沙星、万古霉素药物不存在耐药性,耐药率为0.00%,阿奇霉素耐药性极高,可达100.0%,金黄色葡萄球菌对左氧氟沙星、万古霉素药物不存在耐药性,耐药率为0.00%,阿奇霉素耐药性极高,可达100.0%,肺炎克雷伯菌对复方新诺明、头孢噻肟、阿莫西林耐药性极高,可达90.00%以上,大肠埃希菌阿莫西林、头孢噻肟耐药性极高,可达95.00%以上,流感嗜血杆菌对复方新诺明耐药性极高,可达97.37%,美罗培南对肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、流感嗜血杆菌的药物敏感性极高,可达100.0%。结论:感染肺炎的小儿以肺炎链球菌为主,其次为肺炎克雷伯菌,大肠埃希菌等,应根据患儿所感染疾病菌种,给予患儿针对性治疗,可促进患儿临床合理用药,可降低患儿的产生耐药性,对促进肺炎患儿康复有着重要意义。Objective:To investigate the detection of exhalers in pharynx and bacterial resistance in children with pneumonia.Methods:1000 cases of pneumonia from December 2015 to December 2018 were selected for experimental study.All the children were collected by sterile negative pressure suction method,and bacterial culture was carried out.The bacterial detection method was the paper diffusion method for bacteria.Referred to as(K-B method)and Routangxishifa,effective analysis of drug resistance in children provides evidence for clinical use of children.Results:The positive rate was 71.60%in 1000 sputum specimens.Gram positive is 368,accounting for 51.11%;There are352 gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 48.89%;Streptococcus pneumoniae has no drug resistance to levofloxacin and vancomycin drugs,the drug resistance rate is 0.000%,azithromycin resistance is extremely high,up to 100.0%,Staphylococcus aureus is not resistant to levofloxacin,vancomycin drugs,the drug resistance rate is 0.000%,azithromycin resistance is extremely high,up to 100.0%,Feiyankeleibojun’s resistance to Fufangxinnuoming,Cefotaxime,and Amoxilin is extremely high,reaching 90.00%,and Dachangaixijunamoxilin and Cefotaximeresistance is extremely high,reaching 95.00%or more.Fufangxinnuoming’s resistance is extremely high,up to 97.37%,Meiluopeinan’s drug sensitivity to Feiyankeleibojun,Escherichia coli,and Haemophilus influenzae is extremely high,reaching 100.0%.Conclusion:The children infected with pneumonia are mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae,followed by Feiyankeleibojun,Escherichia coli,etc.According to the infectious diseases of the children,targeted treatment should be given to the children,which can promote the children’s clinical rational use of drugs and reduce the children’s drug resistance.It is of great significance to promote the rehabilitation of children with pneumonia.

关 键 词：肺炎平 咽部 吸出物 细菌耐药性 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]