斜轴墨卡托投影及其在航海中的应用  

Oblique Mercator Projection and Its Application in Navigation

作　　者：李忠美 张猛[1] 边少锋[2] 李松林[2] LI Zhongmei;ZHANG Meng;BIAN Shaofeng;LI Songlin(Beijing Institute of Remote Sensing Information,Beijing 100011;Department of Navigation,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033)

机构地区：[1]北京市遥感信息研究所,北京100011 [2]海军工程大学导航工程系,武汉430033

出　　处：《舰船电子工程》2019年第12期54-57,共4页Ship Electronic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号：41604010,41871376)资助

摘　　要：随着航海业繁荣发展对海图精度提出更高的需求,为减小航线附近海域投影长度变形,根据航线所在位置,利用最小二乘法构建斜轴参考圆球,满足航线位于斜轴圆球的[0°]纬线圈附近;通过建立地球与斜轴圆球间地理坐标转换关系,进而实现斜轴墨卡托投影;最后,以马六甲海峡航线为例,验证了该投影在减小投影长度变形方面的优势,同时航线附近海域经纬网形状变形较小,可用于重要航道高精度海图绘制,为航海提供参考。With the prosperity of seafaring,chart accrracy should meet higher demands.To decrease projection length distortion near the ship route,based on which an oblique reference sphere is built by the least square method.On the sphere,the ship route stretch along the 0°parallel.Through establishing the transformation relationship of geographic coordinates between the earth and the oblique reference sphere,oblique Mercator projection is realized.Finally,taking the Malacca Straits as an example,advantage of the projection to decrease length deformation and graticules shape distortion are verified,which could be used for both high precision chart making of important channels and providing references for navigation.

关 键 词：斜轴投影 墨卡托投影 航海适用性 最小二乘法 长度变形 

分 类 号：P289[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]